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cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model An AI Agent Execution Environment to Safeguard User Data TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review
Dynamic Process Isolation
Martin Schwarzl, Pietro Borrello, Andreas Kogler, Kenton Varda, · 2021-10-10 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

In the quest for efficiency and performance, edge-computing providers eliminate isolation boundaries between tenants, such as strict process isolation, and instead let them compute in a more lightweight multi-threaded single-process design. Edge-computing providers support a high number of tenants per machine to reduce the physical distance to customers without requiring a large number of machines. Isolation is provided by sandboxing mechanisms, e.g., tenants can only run sandboxed V8 JavaScript code. While this is as secure as a sandbox for software vulnerabilities, microarchitectural attacks can bypass these sandboxes. In this paper, we show that it is possible to mount a Spectre attack on such a restricted environment, leaking secrets from co-located tenants. Cloudflare Workers is one of the top three edge-computing solutions and handles millions of HTTP requests per second worldwide across tens of thousands of web sites every day. We demonstrate a remote Spectre attack using amplification techniques in combination with a remote timing server, which is capable of leaking 120 bit/h. This motivates our main contribution, Dynamic Process Isolation, a process isolation mechanism that only isolates suspicious worker scripts following a detection mechanism. In the worst case of only false positives, Dynamic Process Isolation simply degrades to process isolation. Our proof-of-concept implementation augments a real-world cloud infrastructure framework, Cloudflare Workers, which is used in production at large scale. With a false-positive rate of only 0.61%, we demonstrate that our solution vastly outperforms strict process isolation in terms of performance. In our security evaluation, we show that Dynamic Process Isolation statistically provides the same security guarantees as strict process isolation, fully mitigating Spectre attacks between multiple tenants.