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cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model An AI Agent Execution Environment to Safeguard User Data TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review
Verifiably Forgotten? Gradient Differences Still Enable D...
Fuyao Zhang, Wenjie Li, Yurong Hao, Xinyu Yan, Yang Cao, Wei Yan · 2025-05-16 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Federated Unlearning (FU) has emerged as a critical compliance mechanism for data privacy regulations, requiring unlearned clients to provide verifiable Proof of Federated Unlearning (PoFU) to auditors upon data removal requests. However, we uncover a significant privacy vulnerability: when gradient differences are used as PoFU, honest-but-curious auditors may exploit mathematical correlations between gradient differences and forgotten samples to reconstruct the latter. Such reconstruction, if feasible, would face three key challenges: (i) restricted auditor access to client-side data, (ii) limited samples derivable from individual PoFU, and (iii) high-dimensional redundancy in gradient differences. To overcome these challenges, we propose Inverting Gradient difference to Forgotten data (IGF), a novel learning-based reconstruction attack framework that employs Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. IGF incorporates a tailored pixel-level inversion model optimized via a composite loss that captures both structural and semantic cues. This enables efficient and high-fidelity reconstruction of large-scale samples, surpassing existing methods. To counter this novel attack, we design an orthogonal obfuscation defense that preserves PoFU verification utility while preventing sensitive forgotten data reconstruction. Experiments across multiple datasets validate the effectiveness of the attack and the robustness of the defense. The code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/IGF.