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cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model An AI Agent Execution Environment to Safeguard User Data TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review
Tweaking Metasploit to Evade Encrypted C2 Traffic Detection
Gonçalo Xavier, Carlos Novo, Ricardo Morla · 2022-09-02 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Command and Control (C2) communication is a key component of any structured cyber-attack. As such, security operations actively try to detect this type of communication in their networks. This poses a problem for legitimate pentesters that try to remain undetected, since commonly used pentesting tools, such as Metasploit, generate constant traffic patterns that are easily distinguishable from regular web traffic. In this paper we start with these identifiable patterns in Metasploit's C2 traffic and show that a machine learning-based detector is able to detect the presence of such traffic with high accuracy, even when encrypted. We then outline and implement a set of modifications to the Metasploit framework in order to decrease the detection rates of such classifier. To evaluate the performance of these modifications, we use two threat models with increasing awareness of these modifications. We look at the detection evasion performance and at the byte count and runtime overhead of the modifications. Our results show that for the second, increased-awareness threat model the framework-side traffic modifications yield a better detection avoidance rate (90%) than payload-side only modifications (50%). We also show that although the modifications use up to 3 times more TLS payload bytes than the original, the runtime does not significantly change and the total number of bytes (including TLS payload) reduces.