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Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model An AI Agent Execution Environment to Safeguard User Data TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review
A Note on Output Length of One-Way State Generators and EFIs
Minki Hhan, Tomoyuki Morimae, Takashi Yamakawa · 2023-12-26 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

We study the output length of one-way state generators (OWSGs), their weaker variants, and EFIs. - Standard OWSGs. Recently, Cavalar et al. (arXiv:2312.08363) give OWSGs with $m$-qubit outputs for any $m=ω(\log λ)$, where $λ$ is the security parameter, and conjecture that there do not exist OWSGs with $O(\log \log λ)$-qubit outputs. We prove their conjecture in a stronger manner by showing that there do not exist OWSGs with $O(\log λ)$-qubit outputs. This means that their construction is optimal in terms of output length. - Inverse-polynomial-advantage OWSGs. Let $ε$-OWSGs be a parameterized variant of OWSGs where a quantum polynomial-time adversary's advantage is at most $ε$. For any constant $c\in \mathbb{N}$, we construct $λ^{-c}$-OWSGs with $((c+1)\log λ+O(1))$-qubit outputs assuming the existence of OWFs. We show that this is almost tight by proving that there do not exist $λ^{-c}$-OWSGs with at most $(c\log λ-2)$-qubit outputs. - Constant-advantage OWSGs. For any constant $ε>0$, we construct $ε$-OWSGs with $O(\log \log λ)$-qubit outputs assuming the existence of subexponentially secure OWFs. We show that this is almost tight by proving that there do not exist $O(1)$-OWSGs with $((\log \log λ)/2+O(1))$-qubit outputs. - Weak OWSGs. We refer to $(1-1/\mathsf{poly}(λ))$-OWSGs as weak OWSGs. We construct weak OWSGs with $m$-qubit outputs for any $m=ω(1)$ assuming the existence of exponentially secure OWFs with linear expansion. We show that this is tight by proving that there do not exist weak OWSGs with $O(1)$-qubit outputs. - EFIs. We show that there do not exist $O(\log λ)$-qubit EFIs. We show that this is tight by proving that there exist $ω(\log λ)$-qubit EFIs assuming the existence of exponentially secure PRGs.