冠词

a 辅音因素开头的名词前， an 元音因素开头的名词前**

单数可数名词：不能单独使用，必须用冠词或其他限定词

复数可数名词 or 不可数名词：

​**(1)不能同冠词连用**

(2)复数名词 or 不可数名词

​ 泛指：不用the

​ Life is hard sometimes

​ 特指：用the

​ The writer is writing a book about the life of blacks in America.

​ I love music, poetry and art.

​ I don’t like the film, but I like the music(of the film)

​ 表示特指的时候，一般会带有后置定语

第一次提到单数可数名词前用不定冠词a or an，再次出现要用定冠词the

谈到对话双方都知道的事物要用the（比如自己房间里的东西）

​ can you turn off the light, please?

表示世界上独一无二的事物用the

​ the earth, the sky, the equator, the moon, the world, the universe

做形容词的only、最高级、序数词修饰的名词前+the

​ the only/best way to cope with the problem.

​ this is the first time I’ve come to Beijing.

乐器、乐团+the（运动不+the）play football or chess or tennis

​ the Beatles

​ the Philaadelphia Orchestra

​ play/learn the guitar learn the piano

独一无二的身份不+the

​ Henry was elected chairman of the committee

​ For the first time I am king of myself

限定词彼此互斥，不能同时出现在名词前面

​ (1)冠词：the an a

​ (2)物主形容词： my your his her our their

​ (3)指示形容词： this that these those

​ (4)名词属格： Tom’s John’s

特殊名词前省略the

​ (1)nature : in nature (2)society: in society (3)space: in space

​ (4)man在泛指整个人类时，不加冠词

​ (5)history在泛指整个历史时，不加冠词

​ (6)三餐前不+冠词：have something for breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner

交通工具

​ 若用介词on：+冠词the（on foot 步行不加the）on the train/plane/boat

​ 若不用介词on，如用by时，不加the： by bicycle/boat/bus/car/plane/train/metro

其他固定介词搭配

​ face to face , arm in arm , hand in hand , shoulder to shoulder , side by side

​ inch by inch , day after day , dentist after dentist

school or the school

​ bed, church, court, hospital, prison, school/college/unversity, sea, work, office

​ 当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事情时，不加冠词，表示抽象概念

​ 当要去这些地方不是要做特定的事，而是由于其他原因，要用the

​ his mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.

​ Bill Blinton came into office in 1992./Bill Clinton came into the office and saw sth.

​ to church(to pray)

​ to hospital(as patients)

​ to/at sea(出海/在海上)

​ to/at/from(去上班/在上班/下班)

​ go to sea(as sailors) go to the sea(go to the seaside)

​ be at sea(as passengers or crew) be at the sea(be at the seaside)

​ by sea(by ship)

​ by the sea(by the seaside)

​ be in office(在任职) be in the office(在办公室里)

​ be out of office(离职) be out of the office(离开办公室)

泛指的四种表达

​ 1.不带the的不可数名词

​ I like music

​ 2.不带the的复数可数名词

​ bananas are yellow I am afraid of dogs

​ 3.the+单数可数名词（也可表示特指）

​ the whale is the largest mammal on earth

​ the whale is dead

​ 4.a/an+单数可数名词（也可以表示一个）

​ I ate a banana this morning

​ A banana is yellow

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