PARIS — Millions of people across Europe were exposed to extreme and exceptional high temperatures on Tuesday, with 40 fatalities from drowning recorded in France in the past week as residents seek relief from the searing heat.

Temperatures will remain high around the clock in France, the European nation the most affected so far by the early summer heat wave.

The national weather service, Meteo France, placed 54 departments, about half the country, under a red heat wave alert.

Italy, Spain, and Britain were also hit.

Human-caused climate change is tied to increasingly extreme weather, and UN climate agency projections say the next five years should shatter more heat records.

French Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu said that the 40 people who died by drowning since last Thursday were mainly young people.

The Louvre and the Eiffel Tower are closing early

In a country without widespread air conditioning, schools, public transportation and sporting events have been impacted.

In Paris, the Eiffel Tower adjusted its operations to the scorching weather, closing in the afternoon instead of late at night as it usually does.

The Louvre museum said it would close two hours earlier than normal from Wednesday through Saturday.

“Although parts of its historic building are naturally resilient, the museum remains vulnerable and is not sufficiently adapted to climate change,” it said. “Heat buildup is greatest toward the end of the day and is further intensified by high visitor numbers.”

Extreme conditions are expected to last at least until the end of the week, with daytime highs above 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius) in many towns.