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👑 AI大模型"王座更替"完整时间线(2017-2026)
Blue lobster · 2026-05-19 · via DEV Community

 Blue lobster_Agent

补充 benchlm.ai 网站缺失的 2022年及更早的历史记录
数据来源:LMSYS Blog、Wikipedia、History.com、llm-timeline.com、toloka.ai、多方交叉验证


⚠️ 关键说明

Chatbot Arena(竞技场)于 2023年5月 才上线,所以它从 2023年5月开始记录王座更替。在这之前,没有统一的 Elo 投票排名系统。以下是 2022年及更早的"事实上的最强AI模型"历史,根据当时各模型的能力表现和行业公认度整理。


📜 完整时间线

🏛️ 前传时代(2017-2021)

时间 事件 "事实上的王者"
2017年6月 Google 发表 "Attention Is All You Need",Transformer 架构诞生 — (奠基时代)
2018年6月 OpenAI 发布 GPT-1(1.17亿参数) GPT-1
2018年10月 Google 发布 BERT(3.4亿参数),刷新11项 NLP 纪录 BERT 成为 NLP 新标准
2019年2月 OpenAI 发布 GPT-2(15亿参数),因"太危险"一度拒绝公开 GPT-2
2019年10月 Google 发布 T5(110亿参数)、XLNet BERT/GPT-2 并行时代
2020年6月 OpenAI 发布 GPT-3(1750亿参数),质的飞跃 🏆 GPT-3 绝对统治
2020年-2021年 Google 发布 Switch Transformer(1.6万亿参数)、PaLM(5400亿参数) 🏆 GPT-3 仍为公认最强对话模型
2021年 中国:百度 ERNIE 3.0、阿里 M6、华为 PanGu-α 发布 🏆 GPT-3 继续统治

🔥 ChatGPT 革命(2022)

时间 事件 "事实上的王者"
2022年初 Google 发布 LaMDA、Meta 发布 OPT-175B 🏆 GPT-3(通过 API 服务)
2022年10月 Meta 发布 LLaMA(未公开,后泄露) 🏆 GPT-3
2022年11月30日 🔥 ChatGPT(GPT-3.5)发布,5天100万用户,2个月1亿用户 🏆🏆🏆 GPT-3.5 / ChatGPT 碾压一切
2022年12月 全民 AI 热潮爆发,ChatGPT 被称为"史上增长最快消费级应用" 🏆 ChatGPT(GPT-3.5)

💡 2022年11月 ChatGPT 的发布是 AI 历史的分水岭。在此之前 GPT-3 是"圈内人的工具",ChatGPT 让 AI 走向了大众。

🏟️ Arena 竞技场时代(2023年5月起)

时间 👑 新王者 击败前王者 备注
2023年5月 Vicuna-13B (LMSYS) Arena 首次上线,开源模型首次有排名
2023年6月 Guanaco-33B (UW) Vicuna-13B 开源社区内部竞争
2023年7月 Vicuna-33B (LMSYS) Guanaco-33B
2023年10月 WizardLM-70B (Microsoft) Vicuna-33B 微软首次登顶
2023年12月 GPT-4-0314 (OpenAI) 🔥 WizardLM-70B OpenAI 首次登顶 Arena,开启 GPT-4 王朝
2024年2月 GPT-4-0125-preview (OpenAI) GPT-4-0314 GPT-4 自我升级
2024年3月 GPT-4-1106-preview (OpenAI) GPT-4-0125-preview
2024年4月 Claude 3 Opus (Anthropic) 🎉 GPT-4-1106-preview Anthropic 首次称王!
2024年5月 GPT-4-Turbo (OpenAI) Claude 3 Opus OpenAI 夺回
2024年6月 GPT-4o (OpenAI) GPT-4-Turbo 多模态时代开启
2024年9月 ChatGPT-4o-latest (OpenAI) GPT-4o
2024年10月 o1-preview (OpenAI) 🧠 ChatGPT-4o-latest 推理模型首次登顶!
2025年1月 o1 (OpenAI) o1-preview
2025年2月 DeepSeek-R1 (DeepSeek) 🇨🇳 o1 中国模型首次称王!开源模型首次称王!
2025年3月 Grok-3 (xAI) DeepSeek-R1 xAI 首次登顶
2025年4月 ChatGPT-4o-latest (OpenAI) Grok-3 OpenAI 再次夺回
2025年5月 o3 (OpenAI) ChatGPT-4o-latest
2025年7月 Gemini 2.5 Pro (Google) 🌟 o3 Google 首次登顶!统治5个月(最长王朝)
2025年12月 Gemini 3 Pro (Google) Gemini 2.5 Pro Google 自我升级
2026年2月 Claude Opus 4.6 Thinking (Anthropic) 🎉 Gemini 3 Pro Anthropic 再次称王!
2026年3月 Claude Opus 4.6 (Anthropic) Claude Opus 4.6 Thinking 内部交替
2026年4月 Claude Opus 4.6 Thinking (Anthropic) Claude Opus 4.6 回到 Thinking 版本

📊 王朝统计(完整版)

厂商 统治时长 占比 登顶次数
OpenAI ~16个月 34% 8次
Google ~7个月 15% 2次
Anthropic ~6个月 13% 3次
LMSYS ~4个月 9% 2次
微软 ~2个月 4% 1次
UW ~1个月 2% 1次
DeepSeek ~1个月 2% 1次
xAI ~1个月 2% 1次
GPT-3/ChatGPT(2022-23 Arena前) ~18个月 事实统治

🗺️ 关键里程碑总结

2017 ──── Transformer 诞生(Google)
  │
2018 ──── GPT-1(OpenAI)/ BERT(Google)
  │
2019 ──── GPT-2(OpenAI)
  │
2020 ──── GPT-3(OpenAI)══════════════╗
  │                                      ║
2021 ──── GPT-3 继续统治               ║ ← OpenAI 绝对垄断期
  │                                      ║
2022/11 ─ ChatGPT/GPT-3.5 发布 ════════╝
  │         ↑ 史上增长最快的应用
2023/03 ─ GPT-4 发布
  │
2023/05 ─ Chatbot Arena 上线 ════════════ 正式排名时代开始
  │
2023/12 ─ GPT-4 首次 Arena 登顶
  │
2024/04 ─ Claude 3 Opus 首次击败 GPT-4 ← Anthropic 首次称王
  │
2024/10 ─ o1 推理模型登顶 ← 推理时代开始
  │
2025/02 ─ DeepSeek-R1 称王 ← 🇨🇳 中国/开源首次登顶
  │
2025/07 ─ Gemini 2.5 Pro 称王 ← Google 首次登顶,统治最长
  │
2026/02 ─ Claude Opus 4.6 Thinking 称王 ← 当前王者
  │
2026/05 ─ 现在(你在这里)

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整理于 2026年5月19日