How to configure ssh-agent, agent forwarding, & agent protocol
The ssh-agent is a helper program that keeps track of users' identity keys and their passphrases. The agent can then use the keys to log into other servers without having the user type in a password or passphrase again.
Starting ssh-agent
On most Linux systems, ssh-agent is automatically configured and run at login, and no additional actions are required to use it.
eval `ssh-agent`
Agent pid 9238
Adding SSH keys to the Agent
The following command will list private keys currently accessible to the agent:
ssh-add -l
521 SHA256:XHmUhfIRpJ4eapb4WMi0CaDMnCvPNNqJM+1VMpKJP/0 user_name@server (ECDSA)
The ssh-agent command accepts the following options:
-a bind_address Forces to bind the Unix domain socket to the given file path, instead of the default socket.
-c Forces generation of C-shell commands on stdout By default the shell is automatically detected.
-d Enables debug mode.
-E fingerprint_hash Specifies which algorithm to use for generating SSH key fingerprints. Valid values include md5 and sha256.
-k Kills the currently running agent.
-s Forces generation of Bourne shell (/bin/sh) commands on stdout. By default the shell is automatically detected.
-t life Specifies a maximum number of seconds that identities are kept in the agent. The value is in seconds, but can be suffixed by m for minutes, h for hours, d for days, and w for weeks. Without this option, the agent keeps the keys in its memory as long as it runs. This can be overridden when running the ssh-add command.
Fingerprint
The fingerprint is based on the host's public key, usually based on the /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub file. Generally it's for easy identification/verification of the host.
To view that public key in fingerprint format, run
ssh-keygen -lvf /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
About SSH key passphrases
When you generate an SSH key, you can add a passphrase to further secure the key. Whenever you use the key, you must enter the passphrase. If your key has a passphrase and you don't want to enter the passphrase every time you use the key, you can add your key to the SSH agent. The SSH agent manages your SSH keys and remembers your passphrase.
Adding your SSH key to the ssh-agen
ssh-add /home/user_name/.ssh/id_ecdsa
Enter passphrase for /home/user_name/.ssh/id_ecdsa:
Identity added: /home/user_name/.ssh/id_ecdsa (user_name@server)
Bibiography
- https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/connecting-to-github-with-ssh/generating-a-new-ssh-key-and-adding-it-to-the-ssh-agent
- https://www.ssh.com/academy/ssh/agent
Further Reading
Check out the other articles in this series:
- ssh-agent:
-
ssh-keygen:
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known_hosts:
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