Today let's understand what actually a git is , and basics of git : :
When we start developing something , whether it is software projects , fixing bugs , testing code etc .
The common problem we all are facing which is to maintain the log / history of the work that we are doing . Here the 'git' comes in the picture .
What is Git ?
- So basically 'git' is the version control system(VCS) , which helps us to track changes in code and files over a time .
official website - https://git-scm.com/
Why git is used ?
To save and track changes - git tracks all history of what changes , where changes , who changes the code .
To go on older version of code .
To work on new features seperatly and safely without changing / touching the source code or main code .
4.Helps to collaborating with others in teams .
git workflow -
Now let's the basic git terminologies and commands --
basic git commands
git initgit statusgit loggit add-
git commit -m "message";
1]. git init
-
git init- command is used to initialize the new repository , or to reinitiliazing the exiting one. It creates a hidden '.git' repository in our project directory that allows git to track changes and save the changes .
.git repository - is the hidden folder in your project folder in which git keeps your code changes , history of changes , all commits , head etc .
head - head simplyy points to the latest commit .
2]. git status
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git status- command is used to check your current state of a working directory , helps us to understand which file is modified , which is untracked and which is staged .
3]. git log
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git log- command is used to view all history of commit .it shows author of commits ,date and time of commit , commit hash , commit message.
4]. git add
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git add- command is used to move changes from working directory to staging area .
git add . - moves all untracked files and unstage changes to staginf area .
5]. git commit
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git commit- command stores the staged changes into the local '.git' repository . we send one commit message which shows what changes we did in code .
6]. git push
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git push- command uploads commited changes from local repository to remote repository (Github).
7]. git branch
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git branch- command creates new branch from main branch .
8]. git checkout -b "branch-name"
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git branch- command show the current working branch and propogates into new branch
Basic workflow of the commands -
(stepwise)
1.git init - starts empty git repository.
2.git status - shows the status of working directory
3.git add - moves untracked file and unstaged changes to the staging area
4.git commit -m "message" - saves the chanegs to local git repository