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19/30天系統設計問題!
Joud Awad · 2026-05-25 · via DEV Community
Cover image for 19/30 Days System Design Questions!

Joud Awad

您的結帳端點有 400ms 的 P95。剖析顯示 70% 是來自資料庫讀取。

您新增了一個讀取副本,並將所有 SELECT 查詢都指向它。P95 降低到 90ms。團隊為此慶祝。

兩小時後,支援工單湧入。客戶更新他們的運送地址,但在確認螢幕上看到的是舊的地址。一位客戶因為「訂單已存在」的檢查讀取了過期數據,錯過了重複訂單而付費了兩次。

這是設定:
• 主要 → 處理所有寫入,複製延遲約200毫秒
• 副本 → 處理100%的讀取
• 受影響的流程 → 偏好更新,訂單去重,付款單一性

副本正確地按照設計運作。那就是問題所在。

你該怎麼做?

A) 讀寫一致性:用戶寫入後,將其讀取導向主副本一段短時間內。
B) 同步複製:讓主副本等待副本確認後才確認寫入。
C) 監控副本延遲+重試:檢測延遲是否超過閾值,並回退至主副本。
D) 將關鍵讀取導向主副本:副本僅服務非關鍵讀取,如分析。

全部四種都是實際運行的真實模式。只有一種能解決過期讀問題而不損害你剛交付的性能優勢。

選擇一個(A、B、C 或 D),並告訴我原因。詳細分析在評論中,包括哪個答案是高級工程師陷阱。

如果你的團隊曾經添加過一個讀副本並花了一週時間調試過期數據,請與他們分享這個。

放下你的答案 👇

30天系統設計 #系統設計 #資料庫 #軟體架構