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LeetCode解法:1752.检查数组是否有序旋转
Vansh Aggarw · 2026-05-24 · via DEV Community

🔄 LeetCode 1752:汝能反旋此数组乎?(初学者指南)

噫吁嚱,同道编程者!👋 吾乃Vansh2710,今欲解此LeetCode之趣题。今日所攻,乃1752题:“验数组是否有序且已旋”。似是谜题,然勿忧,吾等将逐段剖析,揭其至雅之解法!

此题实乃砥砺数组操作与逻辑思辨之良方。初看似繁,然一法简出,则豁然开朗。且共探之!


其题何在?🧐

试想君有一列数,已至完美之序,如 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].
今复想君 而旋之 之理。此谓取其首部之素,移置末尾,而序仍其旧。

譬如,若将 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 旋移二位:

  1. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  2. 1, 2 而移置末尾: [3, 4, 5, 1, 2]

问题是: 已知数组 nums,吾辈能否知其 是否可由 原本已排序(非递减),继而旋转若干次(或为零次)?

须知要旨:

  • 非递减序: [1, 2, 2, 3]已排序。[3, 2, 1]未排序。
  • 旋转:可任意位数,包括零位(不旋转)。
  • 允许重复。此乃要旨![3, 4, 5, 5, 1, 2]或可也[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5]已旋。

吾等观其例焉。

  • nums = [3, 4, 5, 1, 2]

    • 岂非[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]已排序乎?然。
    • [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]旋之而得[3, 4, 5, 1, 2]然,转二位。
    • 輸出:true
  • nums = [2, 1, 3, 4]

    • 若排序之,则为[1, 2, 3, 4].
    • [1, 2, 3, 4] 可转乎为 [2, 1, 3, 4]?不可。2, 1 之部,破单转所维之序也。
    • 输出:false
  • nums = [1, 2, 3]

    • 其序已治乎?是。
    • 可转以得 [1, 2, 3]?可,零转而已。
    • 输出:true

“啊哈!”之悟——吾之直觉 ✨

思一真正已排序之数组如[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]若自左而右行nums[i-1]恒小于或等于nums[i]无"滴"无"降"于值。

今,思一旋转已排序之数组:[3, 4, 5, 1, 2]
若扫描此,则见:

  • 3 <= 4(甚好)
  • 4 <= 5(善)
  • 5 > 1(噫!此之迹也!)
  • 1 <= 2(善)

察之,唯一处,非递增之序有阙:51是也。此“阙”即回转之所在!诸元[1, 2]自首移于尾,遂成此值之独降。

若复有之降?譬如[2, 1, 3, 4]

  • 2 > 1(降一)
  • 1 <= 3(可)
  • 3 <= 4(可) 此独降耳。环之何如?4 > 2?非也。 实则,若原数组本为[1,2,3,4]者,若旋转之,则不得[2,1,3,4]。 一旋转之,则旋转点后之元素,皆小于旋转点前之元素。唯一之“断”,唯在旋转点耳。

故其核心之悟,在于是也。排序旋转之数组,遍历其中,至多有一"降"(nums[i-1] > nums[i])。

然,何谓回环?
[4, 5, 1, 2, 3]
4 <= 5(可)
5 > 1(降!)
1 <= 2(可)
2 <= 3(可)
于此,有一降。然亦,nums[n-1](此即)3小于nums[0](即4),此较亦为排序之"断",概念上绕数组而行。吾等下降之数需计及此。

修订之悟:nums[i-1] > nums[i]之数。此数当至多一,含之。 首尾相衔之较也。


步步为营法 🚶‍♂️

吾等当将此直觉凝为明法:

  1. 置一计数器: 吾需一变量,名曰 descentCount,设其值为 0。此计数器将记吾等得 nums[i-1] > nums[i] 之数。

  2. 遍历数组: 自第二元素起至数组末尾循环:i = 1nums.size() - 1

    • 每次迭代,较当前元素与前者:nums[i]nums[i-1]
    • nums[i-1] > nums[i],则知已得“降序”或非递增之断。增之descentCount.
  3. 察回环之例: 循环既毕,当思者与者之相接。若数组有旋,则末者或胜首者(如[3, 4, 5, 1, 2]之例)。nums[4](即2)小于nums[0](即3)。此非增降之由。
    [1,2,3](零回转)中,nums[2](三)大于nums[0](一)。
    重审之:增降之迹,在序列递减处。

    • [3, 4, 5, 1, 2]> 5 > 1(一脉)
      • nums[n-1](二)是不可。逾之nums[0](三)。
    • [1, 2, 3]->无后嗣。
      • nums[n-1](三)是非也逾之nums[0](1).
    • [2, 1, 3, 4]-> 2 > 1(一降)
      • nums[n-1](四)是非也逾之nums[0](二)。

    吾之理路,于解法代码中环检之理也if (nums[n-1] > nums[0])吾辈当以例证溯其本源。

    • [3,4,5,1,2](n=五)
      • 循环(5 > 1)-> descentCount = 1
      • 回环nums[4] (2) > nums[0] (3) 者乃 false
      • 总计 descentCount = 1。返 true。确。
*   `[2,1,3,4]` (n=4)
    *   Loop: `(2 > 1)` -> `descentCount = 1`
    *   Wrap-around: `nums[3]` (4) `>` `nums[0]` (2) is `true`. -> `descentCount = 2`.
    *   Total `descentCount = 2`. Return `false`. Correct. (Because original `[1,2,3,4]` cannot be rotated to `[2,1,3,4]`. It has two "breaks" if you consider it circular: `2->1` and `4->2` (conceptual circular link)).

*   `[1,2,3]` (n=3)
    *   Loop: No descents. `descentCount = 0`.
    *   Wrap-around: `nums[2]` (3) `>` `nums[0]` (1) is `true`. -> `descentCount = 1`.
    *   Total `descentCount = 1`. Return `true`. Correct. (A sorted array is considered a 0-rotated sorted array).

This wrap-around check for `nums[n-1] > nums[0]` cleverly handles the case where the "rotation point" effectively exists between the last and first element *if the array was originally sorted*. If `[1,2,3]` is seen as `1,2,3,1` (circular), then `3 > 1` is a descent. This means a perfectly sorted array will register 1 descent with this method.

入全屏模式 出全屏模式

  1. 终检: 经数组遍历及回环检查,若 descentCount 不大于1,此乃数组之意也本可也已排序且已旋转。返true否则,若descentCount大于1此谓排序之序中"断"处过多,非单次旋转之有序数组也。当返。false.

示吾码!💻

此逻辑之C++实现如是:

#include <vector> // Don't forget to include necessary headers!
#include <iostream> // For potential testing, though not strictly part of the solution

class Solution {
public:
    bool check(std::vector<int>& nums) {
        int count = 0; // Initialize descent counter
        int n = nums.size(); // Get the size of the array

        // Iterate from the second element to compare with the previous
        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
            // If the previous element is greater than the current, it's a descent
            if (nums[i-1] > nums[i]) {
                count++;
            }
        }

        // Handle the wrap-around case: compare the last element with the first
        // If nums[n-1] is greater than nums[0], it means a "descent" occurs
        // conceptually between the end and the beginning of the array.
        // E.g., for [1,2,3], nums[2](3) > nums[0](1) is true.
        // For [3,4,5,1,2], nums[4](2) > nums[0](3) is false.
        if (nums[n-1] > nums[0]) {
            count++;
        }

        // A sorted and rotated array can have at most one "descent" (break).
        // This includes the wrap-around check, meaning a perfectly sorted array
        // will result in count = 1 due to the wrap-around check.
        return count <= 1;
    }
};

全屏模式 退出全屏模式


复杂度分析 ⏱️🚀

Nnums 数组中元素之数。

  • 时间复杂度:O(N)

    • 吾遍历数组一次于for 之循环,历 O(N) 之时。
    • 其余诸务(初始化、size() 之唤、终较)皆需常时,O(1)
    • 是故,总时复杂,为 O(N) 所主。此甚效也,盖惟遍历数组一次耳。
  • 空间复杂:O(1)

    • 吾等仅用数个变量(count, n, i)以存吾之状,无论输入之数组大小如何。
    • 并无辅助之数据结构(如新数组或哈希表)随输入之大小而增。
    • 是以,空间之复杂度恒定,O(1)

要旨熠熠✨

  • 察"折处"之理: 至要之见,乃排序旋转之数列,最多仅有一处非递增之序被破。
  • 回环之难: 勿忘末元与首元之关联!此乃多解谬误之由。吾法恰将此视作又一"降势"之候。
  • 简则优:此题或诱君以繁杂之排序或数组操作,然单次遍历与计数,实为至简至效之解。

此法洁净,高效,且显君对数组性质之精妙理解!勤习之,不日即可通晓此道。乐书于码!


作者之户: 梵施廿七壹零
发表时间: 丙申年四月廿三子时二刻五十四分