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Maggie Appleton

The Dark Forest and Generative AI One Developer, Two Dozen Agents, Zero Alignment Gas Town’s Agent Patterns, Design Bottlenecks, and Vibecoding at Scale January 2026 | Maggie Appleton A Treatise on AI Chatbots Undermining the Enlightenment A Brief History & Ethos of the Digital Garden Vibe Code is Legacy Code May 2025 | Maggie Appleton Home-Cooked Software and Barefoot Developers Statistically, When Will My Baby Be Born? Speculative Calendar Events ChatGPT Would be a Decent Policy Advisor March 2025 | Maggie Appleton The Expanding Dark Forest and Generative AI Humanity's Last Exam Squish Meets Structure Common Misconceptions in AI Undetected AI Exam Answers Unbaited Smidgeons Growing a Human: The First 30 Weeks How to Import Academic Papers from Zotero into Tana December 2024 | Maggie Appleton Aesthetic Command Lines with Hyper, Spaceship, and Oh My Zsh Leaving Elicit July 2024 | Maggie Appleton A Short History of Bi-Directional Links The Pattern Language of Project Xanadu Assumed Audiences Ambient Co-presence On Opening Essays, Conference Talks, and Jam Jars Spinning Worlds, Seasickness, and Dealing with Vestibular Neuritis A Collection of Design Engineers Gathering Structures Daily Notes Pages Historical Trails December 2023 | Maggie Appleton September 2023 | Maggie Appleton Digital Gardening for Non-Technical Folks Language Model Sketchbook, or Why I Hate Chatbots June 2023 | Maggie Appleton Computational Notebooks Folk Interfaces Reverse Outlining with Language Models Command K Bars Spatial Web Browsing A Picture Worth a Thousand Programmes Programmable Notes Programming Portals Teenage Skeuomorphic Desktop Designs Tending Evergreen Notes in Roam Research Growing the Evergreens Why You Own an iPad and Still Can't Draw A Brief Introduction to Digital Anthropology Transclusion and Transcopyright Dreams The Block-Paved Path to Structured Data Empty Pointers and Constellations of AI Metaphors We Web By The Gift Economy Epistemic Disclosure November 2022 | Maggie Appleton Joining Ought July 2022 | Maggie Appleton The Linear Oppression of Note-taking Apps Paleolithic Nostalgia Interoperable Personal Libraries and Ad Hoc Reading Groups The Finest Narrative Non-Fiction Essays Algorithmic Transparency October 2021 | Maggie Appleton Plebeian Programming with Keyboard Maestro The Cultural Anthropology of React August 2021 | Maggie Appleton Natureculture, Moral Purity, and Cultural Boundaries The Echo & Narcissus Writing Club Pink, Soft, Glittering Developers Fetishism & Mechanical Keyboards Making Programming Visual, Spatial, and Learnable Positioning Elements & Scrollytelling in CSS Painting Roam Research with Custom CSS A Digital Anthropology Reading List The Eponymous Laws of Programming A History of Cyborgs Neologisms GreenSock Animations with React Hooks The Bare Essentials of Greensock September 2020 | Maggie Appleton Illustrating Gatsby's Key Concepts Problematic Proteins New Harvest & Illustrating the Cultivated Meat Podcast Synecdoche: Drawing the Part for the Whole A Meta-Tour of This Site Douglas, Dirt, and Matter Out of Place The Knowledge Hydrant A Naïve Exploration of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Silent Synchronous Reading Sessions What the Fork is React Suspense? Visually Workshopping the AWS Cloud Are Data Unions the Future of Data? Pattern Languages in Programming and Interface Design A Metaphorical Reading Collection
Organic, Local, Artisan Data Storage
2020-12-28 · via Maggie Appleton

Actually it’s worse than dislocated – our narratives and metaphors around data are determined to convince us it needs no location because it is immaterial.

It lives in “The Cloud.” It doesn’t have a geographical home. It floats about as small fluffy terrabytes circling the globe, able to rain data down on us at the click of a button.

Clouds are such a pleasant metaphor. Weighing nothing, they require no energy sources or physical land or building materials or human labour to maintain. They’re transcedental and mystical - playing into our cultural belief system that technology is a form of magic that lives in an alternate land.

That land would be Cyberspace – the parallel universe William Gibson described in the 1980’s sci-fi novel Neuromancer . We know it well as the blue, slightly transparent, glowing realm of floating dots

Cyberspace is an evocative image that kicked off a unfortunate cultural lie: That the digital world is some place different to the “real,” meatspace world. A place that is not subject to the grounded realities of earth. It’s free from gravity, time, place, identity, scarcity, law, borders, and data storage limits.

This story created what Nathan Jurgenson calls Digital Dualism – the notion that the “online” and “offline” worlds are two distinct and seperate places rather than one continous reality.


If you work in DevOps or backend programming, you’re acutely aware the cloud is a series of enormous physical warehouses. Primarily owned by Amazon Web Services.

They require energy and materials and resources to run, and pump out 14% of global carbon emissions.

Actual humans have to work there. They are responsible for maintenance, cleaning, repair, security, and optimizing “uptime.”

“The Cloud” renders all those people, materials, places, and resources invisible.

As an overarching mission of the last two decades, this is mostly what “technology” does – it renders human labour and material costs invisible.

It builds tiny black boxes around complex systems and sticks a shiny app on the front. When people ask how the systems work, we mumble something about algorithms and machine learning.


“The Cloud” makes it difficult for us to think about data the way we need to.

As something we create, that might belong to us. Something we might even be responsible for and need to protect. Something that has economic value that other people are actively buying and selling to one another right now.

None of those options seem real at the moment. Most of the data you and I have created over the last decade of clicking through the web is in someone else’s S3 bucket.

What would it look like for data to become grounded, local, and material?

What would it looks like if data storage went the way of coffee into local, artisan, organic data storage shops?

What if these shops focused on creating ways for you to ‘see’ your data?

What kind of visual design affordances would help us understand that data lives on physcial, material hardware?

Amazon is clearly the Starbucks of the data storage world.

A pair of coffee cups bearing a logo similar to starbucks, but replaced with amazon's aws logo

What if the the same way the artisan coffee movement kicked back against Double Soy Venti Caramel Lattes, the artisan data storage movement made the equivalent of an organic, free-trade Chemex pour over?


There are obvious issues with these provocations. Cheap, reliable data storage is only possible because of centralised systems of energy and security. Decentralised localisation would need to overcome a whole host of standardisation and security measures.

Research projects like Protocol Labs and Tim Berners-Lee’s Solid Project sound like they’re at least exploring solutions. Yes, it involves blockchain. No, of course I don’t fully understand.

There are real-life Data Unions

Are Data Unions the Future of Data?

Illustrated notes on how data unions work and what problems they might solve up and running in the world like Streamr which suggest ways we might share and monetise our data on our own terms.

It might be a terrible idea. I don’t know know enough to know yet. If you have civil, reasonable thoughts, chat to me on Twitter.