bash

ansible-doc command
# 查看某服务器的内存使用情况
ansible myserver -m command -a "free -m"
# 可简写, 因为 command 是默认模块
ansible myserver -a "free -m"
# 模块包括 command, script(在远程主机执行主控端的shell脚本), shell (执行远程主机的shell脚本文件)
ansible myserver -m command -a "cat /etc/os-release"
# 先切换到目录再执行
ansible myserver -m command -a "chdir=/etc cat os-release"
# 用 command 模块执行不成功, shell 模块可以
ansible cloud -m command -a "sudo rm -rf /var/log/mysql/*.gz"
ansible cloud -m shell -a "sudo rm -rf /var/log/mysql/*.gz"
ansible myserver -m script -a "/home/local.sh"
ansible myserver -m shell -a "/home/server.sh"
# 实际上shell模块执行命令的方式是在远程使用/bin/sh来执行的
ansible merch -m shell -a "touch demo.txt"

- name: Execute commands in nodes.
  shell:
      chdir:                 # cd into this directory before running the command 
                             # 执行命令前，先cd到指定目录
      creates:               # a filename, when it already exists, this step will *not* be run. 
                             # 用于判断命令是否要执行。如果指定的文件(可以使用通配符)存在，则不执行。
      executable:            # change the shell used to execute the command. Should be an absolute path to the executable.
                             # 不再使用默认的/bin/sh解析并执行命令，而是使用此处指定的命令解析。例如使用expect解析expect脚本。必须为绝对路径。
      free_form:             # (required) The shell module takes a free form command to run, as a string.  There's not an actual option
                               named "free form".  See the examples!
      removes:               # a filename, when it does not exist, this step will *not* be run. 
                               # 用于判断命令是否要执行。如果指定的文件(可以使用通配符)不存在，则不执行。
      stdin:                 # Set the stdin of the command directly to the specified value.
      warn:                  # if command warnings are on in ansible.cfg, do not warn about this particular line if set to no/false.

tasks:
   - shell: touch helloworld.txt creates=/tmp/hello.txt

yaml

- shell: touch helloworld.txt
   args:
     creates: /tmp/hello.txt

bash

ansible cloud -m copy -a "src=demo.png dest=/home/ubuntu mode=755 owner=ubuntu"
# 指定内容，生成文件
ansible cloud -m copy -a "content='test line1\ntest line2' dest=/tmp/test.txt"
# src为本地文件内容 拷贝到远程服务器
ansible cloud -m copy -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=/tmp/test.txt"

bash

# 本地创建目录 `/Users/mafei/demo/49.232.138.70/etc`
ansible cloud -m fetch -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=~/demo"

ansible-doc -s template
 - name: Templates a file out to a remote server.
   action: template
      dest  # 必填，拷贝到远程机器的目标路径
      src # 必填，Ansible控制机模板文件所在位置
      force # 是否覆盖同名文件
      group # 设置远程文件的所属组
      owner # 设置远程文件的所有者
      mode  # 设置远程文件权限，如 0644，'u+rw', 'u=rw,g=r,o=r' 等方式
      backup # 拷贝的同时也创建一个包含时间戳信息的备份文件，默认为no

- name: Print statements during execution
  debug:
      msg:                   # The customized message that is printed. If omitted, prints a generic message.
                             # 输出自定义信息。如果省略，则输出普通字符。
      var:                   # A variable name to debug.  Mutually exclusive with the 'msg' option.
                             # 指定待调试的变量。只能指定变量，不能指定自定义信息，且变量不能加{{}}包围，而是直接的变量名。
      verbosity:             # A number that controls when the debug is run, if you set to 3 it will only run debug when -vvv or above
                             # 控制debug运行的调试级别，有效值为一个数值N。

yaml

 - hosts: centos
   remote_user: root
   tasks:
     - name: execute /tmp/a.sh,but only /tmp/hello.txt is not yet created
       script: /tmp/a.sh hello
       args:
         creates: /tmp/hello.txt

ansible cloud -m setup
# 列出很多服务器的系统信息
"ansible_distribution": "Ubuntu",
"ansible_distribution_file_parsed": true,
"ansible_distribution_file_path": "/etc/os-release",
"ansible_distribution_file_variety": "Debian",
"ansible_distribution_major_version": "20",
"ansible_distribution_release": "focal",
"ansible_distribution_version": "20.04",
"ansible_system_vendor": "Xen",
"ansible_uptime_seconds": 100758,
"ansible_user_dir": "/home/ubuntu",
"ansible_user_gecos": "Ubuntu",
"ansible_user_gid": 1000,
"ansible_user_id": "ubuntu",
"ansible_user_shell": "/bin/bash",
"ansible_user_uid": 1000,
"ansible_userspace_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_userspace_bits": "64",