Congressional reaction to US President Donald Trump’s visit to China highlighted how sharply Washington’s political consensus on Beijing has shifted in recent years, with lawmakers from both parties warning against any perceived softening of US support for Taiwan or broader strategic competition with China.

While Democrats criticised Trump for appearing too accommodating towards Beijing, many Republicans also stressed that economic engagement with China should not come at the expense of deterrence in the Taiwan Strait, underscoring the increasingly bipartisan nature of US China hawkishness.

Few lawmakers from either party opposed the summit itself, however, reflecting a broader acceptance in Washington that communication between the world’s two largest economies remains necessary even as strategic rivalry intensifies.

Trump’s visit, which included a large delegation of business leaders and cabinet officials, produced limited headline agreements beyond Chinese commitments to resume some US beef imports, expand economic dialogue mechanisms and explore a proposed Boeing aircraft purchase promoted by the administration as a major commercial win. The White House also announced on Sunday that China had agreed to purchase at least US$17 billion worth of US agricultural goods annually, though Chinese authorities have yet to publicly confirm the commitment.

The convergence marks a sharp evolution from earlier eras when debate in Washington centred largely on trade and economic integration. Today, suspicion of Beijing’s geopolitical ambitions and strong backing for Taiwan span both parties even as lawmakers remain divided over tariffs, diplomacy and the extent of economic decoupling.

Ahead of the summit, senior Senate Democrats including Chuck Schumer, Jeanne Shaheen and Elizabeth Warren warned the administration against “trading away” US security commitments in pursuit of economic agreements with China.