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中國發射三人太空飛行,作為其月球任務的一部分
Agence Franc · 2026-05-24 · via The Guardian

中國發射了神舟-23任務,其中一名太空人將首次在軌道度過一整年,這是北京實現2030年前將人類送上月球雄心的重要一步.

長征二号F火箭在星期日從中國西北部的酒泉發射中心啟程,載著三名太空人前往天宮太空站。

這次任務標誌著香港首位太空人進行太空飛行:葉國謙,43歲,此前曾為該地區的警察工作

其他船員包括太空工程師朱陽珠,39歲,以及前空軍飛行員張志遠,同樣39歲,他們將首次進行太空旅行。

該團隊預計將在生命科學、材料科學、流體物理學和醫學領域進行多項科學項目.

一項關鍵實驗是其中一名成員在軌道上的全年停留,以研究長期在微重力環境下的影響,這是中國為未來月球和可能的火星任務所做的準備的一部分。

中國太空機構表示,將會在稍後日期公佈選擇的太空人,以在軌道度過一年時間。

來自澳洲馬麗維爾大學的天體物理學家及教授理查德·德·格里茲說,主要的挑戰將會是對人類的長期影響,包括骨密度流失、肌肉萎縮、輻射暴露、睡眠紊亂以及行為和心理疲勞。

他同時強調了可靠的水和空氣回收系統的重要性,以及遠離地球管理潛在醫療緊急狀況的能力.

他說中國正穩步建立天宮太空站的持續佔用運營經驗,而長期任務是走向未來月球以及潛在深空志願的重要一步。

「一年在軌道上的飛行將硬體和人都推向了與計劃早期階段的較短神舟任務相比不同的操作模式,」他說。

直到現在,天宮乘組傾向於在軌道停留六個月後才被替換。

神舟-23任務是中國在2030年前登陸宇航員到月球並與NASA的阿爾忒彗斯計劃競爭的一部分目標。

北京也正在測試達成其目標所需的設備,其神舟太空船的軌道測試飛行預計在2026年進行。它將取代老化的神舟系列,並將載著中國的太空人前往月球.

中國希望到2035年建成载人科學基地的第一階段,該基地被稱為國際月球研究站。

它亦計劃在本年年底前,迎接首位來自巴基斯坦的國際宇航員到天宮太空站。

北京在過去30年裡顯著擴大了其太空計劃,投入了數十億美元,以追趕美國、俄羅斯和歐洲。

它在2019年成功將嫦娥四號探測器送上月球背面,創下了世界先例,並在火星上部署了一個火星車。 於 2021 年.

中國自 2011 年起已被正式排除於國際太空站之外,當時美國禁止 NASA 與北京合作,促使中國發展自己的太空站計畫。