There are many resources for people who want to learn Linux, Containers, or Kubernetes. However, most of these resources don't come with an interactive, hands-on learning experience. You can read tens of fine blog articles and watch hundreds of engaging YouTube videos, maybe even take some courses with theoretical quizzes at the end, but it's doubtful you'll master any of the above technologies without actively practicing them.
Theoretical-only knowledge of, say, Kubernetes doesn't really count. Hands-on exercises should be a must-have learning element. Some resources, including this blog, strive to provide reproducible instructions so that students can try out the new skills. However, for that, a running system is needed. Setting up such a system can make the learning curve substantially steeper or even make the task fully unbearable for inexperienced students.
So, where can a student practice the new skills?
One option is to experiment on a real staging (or production 🙈) environment. But it can be quite harmful. Luckily, there is an alternative. Some learning platforms offer interactive playgrounds mimicking real-world setups. On these platforms, students can SSH into disposable Linux servers, or even access multi-server stages right from their browsers!
Experimenting with the new skills in such sandboxes makes the learning hands-on. At the same time, these platforms free students from the need for provisioning playgrounds. It brings students closer to real-world environments while keeping the learning process safe - playgrounds can always be destroyed and recreated without damaging any real production systems.
— Ivan Velichko (@iximiuz) September 25, 2021Cloud-Native Learn-by-Doing platforms
A list of sites with interactive playgrounds on
[Linux/Container/Kubernetes/Clouds]acloudguru .com
cloudacademy .com
cloudyuga .guru
instruqt .com
katacoda .com
kodekloud .com
learning .oreilly .com
play-with-docker .com
play-with-k8s .com
I got so fascinated by the idea of interactive playgrounds recently that I spent a week researching platforms that provide in-browser learn-by-doing experience. Below are my findings, alphabetically ordered:
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A Cloud Guru (acloudguru.com) is a massive online learning platform for individuals and businesses with a focus on mastering major clouds - AWS, Azure, and GCP. In 2019, it acquired another well-respected learning platform called Linux Academy (linuxacademy.com), extending its content offering to Linux. In 2021, A Cloud Guru was acquired by Pluralsight, a prominent online education industry player.
AppSecEngineer (appsecengineer.com) is an interactive training platform entirely focused on application and cloud security.
~30 courses and hands-on labs covering:
Cloud Academy (cloudacademy.com) is a training platform offering an extensive library of learning content on cloud computing platforms (AWS, Azure, GCP, Alibaba Cloud) for individuals (after inputting credit card details) and enterprises. As usual, a lot of focus on various certification preparations, but the content offering is quite broad.
Lots of courses, quizzes, hands-on labs, and exams on:
Cloudyuga (cloudyuga.guru) is a cozy platform with just a few cloud native courses, mock exams, and quizzes. But it's a certified Kubernetes training partner.
CodeCrafters (codecrafters.io) is a "community of practice" (oh, I love this term!) for seasoned programmers. It's a platform with advanced programming challenges where you build complex tools from scratch. CodeCrafters is a bit of an outlier in this list because it has rather generic programming problems and requires development on the local machine. However, it does have interactive validation of solutions, and some tasks, like Build your own Docker, are relevant for Cloud Native folks.
There is a bunch of build your own ... assignments available in different programming languages (Python, C, Go, Rust, JavaScript, Java, Kotlin, Ruby, PHP, Elixir, Haskell, Nim):
The programming tasks are split into many small steps, each with an interactive validation by the platform.
$49 per assignment, and I couldn't find any trial period.
Developer Sandbox for Red Hat OpenShift (developers.redhat.com/developer-sandbox) is a free platform that provides you with a private OpenShift environment (7 GB RAM, 15GB storage 🔥). Every sandbox is already pre-configured with a set of developer and administrator tools, so one can instantly jump into experimenting with OpenShift (read, Kubernetes).
With a (pretty cool, by the way) Kubernetes UI dashboard, you can:
A bunch of step-by-step guides on how to:
Not sure if it's a good resource for beginners, but for more seasoned Kubernetes users, it provides a great and free playground to try out OpenShift/Kubernetes UX.
Beginners can find the Kube By Example (KBE) resource more useful. It provides many Kubernetes tutorials that, in particular, can be tried out using the Red Hat Developer Sandbox platform.
Five different license agreements, asked to input my phone number twice, mandatory SMS verification, but in the end, it worked out well!
Instruqt (instruqt.com) is a platform to create interactive learning tutorials. Its primary audience seems to be people who do sales of software products or conduct customer onboarding and training. In its own words, "the best way to learn how to work with a software product is in a real sandbox environment."
From first sight, it looks like Katacoda on steroids (from the playground customization standpoint). But unlike Katacoda, Instruqt doesn't come with its own content, it's just a building platform.
There is not much educational content. The platform seems to be more tailored for content creators. There are some nice docs on how to create tutorials using the platform, including a few template playgrounds:
14-day free trial and then pay for use (space, time, and size). I couldn't find the actual pricing data, apparently, it's available only by request.
Katacoda (katacoda.com) is an "interactive learning and training platform for software engineers." Katacoda is multipurpose. It comes with an extensive set of learning materials and also provides environments to create your own interactive content and guides.
Some well-known projects employ Katacoda to ease the adoption for their users:
In 2019, Katacoda was acquired by O’Reilly Media, one of the leaders of the professional online education industry. However, while O’Reilly has its own learning platform, Katacoda retained its standalone positioning.
Apparently, the scenarios from katacoda.com, envoyproxy.io, and kubernetes.io are free for students. But I doubt Katacoda is free for creators.
UPD: As Wang Shuang (@ooocamel) pointed out in the comments, Katacoda can be free for creators as well, including embedding playgrounds into your sites (example).
Killer.sh (killer.sh 🙈) is a Kubernetes exam simulator. The idea is that you study Kubernetes somewhere else and then try out your skills on killer.sh. Then, having the exam simulation results, you can decide whether to continue the learning or attempt a real certification.
20+ scenarios:
Preview of three questions, then €29.99 + VAT for two exam simulation sessions.
KodeKloud (kodekloud.com) is actually one of my favorite ones. This resource focuses on providing a truly immersive learning experience with the combination of video lectures and gamified hands-on labs. I've seen lots of interactive but boring tutorials where you can get through all the tasks by simply copying instructions into the terminal. Luckily, KodeKloud's courses are the true opposite of that. Just check out its Game of Pods (it's free) - a game-like challenge where you are given an architecture diagram of the application to be deployed and a count-down timer before which you must complete all tasks...
20+ courses and 200+ hands-on labs organized in different learning paths on:
KubeAcademy (kube.academy) from VMware is a "free, product-agnostic Kubernetes and cloud native technology education program built by a team of expert instructors." The platform is inspired by Khan Academy, in particular, its way of breaking down complex topics into component parts that are easy to understand.
30+ video-heavy courses and three learning paths. Some courses are augmented with in-browser Katacoda-like labs.
It's free for everyone.
O’Reilly (oreilly.com) is a behemoth learning platform with many different offerings starting from books and live events and ending with an online certification. After acquiring Katacoda in 2019, it also got the interactive learning section (learning.oreilly.com/interactive).
Essentially, everything that Katacoda supports:
Play with Docker (play-with-docker.com) is an online Docker playground that allows users to try out Docker without installing it on the personal machine. In addition to the playground, it also includes a set of labs and quizzes from the beginner to advanced level.
The project started somewhere in 2016-2017, but since 2019 there seems to be some stagnation. However, the playground seems to be fully functioning, and the content hasn't aged much. So, it's definitely worth checking out.
Hands-on labs available at training.play-with-docker.com:
It's free for everyone.
Play with Kubernetes (play-with-kubernetes.com) is the Play with Docker's twin platform. A similar idea, a similar structure, and, I guess, a similar implementation.
A single (but massive) hands-on Kubernetes workshop is available at training.play-with-kubernetes.com.
It's completely free (when it works 🙈).
Pluralsight (pluralsight.com) is a huge online education company (for instance, A Cloud Guru actually was fully acquired by Pluralsight recently). On the surface, it looks nice and shiny, but lots of its functional is available only in the Enterprise plan. So, I didn't have a chance to take a closer look.
Tons of it. Courses, skill assessments, certification preparation, etc. But most importantly, Pluralsight now offers Hands-on Learning paths with Cloud labs to get hands-on practice in a pre-provisioned cloud environment (AWS, Azure, GCP).
The hands-on labs and sandboxes are currently available only in the Enterprise plan. The price is unknown for mere mortals.
While doing this research, I learned a lot about available platforms and the problems they try to solve. My impression is that there is plenty of learning resources offering high-quality content. However, many platforms share the common flaw - they don't challenge students enough. Even hands-on labs can quickly become boring if you can just click through tutorials without turning on the active problem-solving mode of your brain. Of course, there are some nice exceptions like KodeKloud, but we definitely need more platforms focusing on the engaging learning experience.
Check out other articles from this blog on learning Linux, Containers, and Kubernetes.
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