ceph | centos7 部署 ceph-v12

lvbibir's Blog

lvbibir · 2021-12-01 · via lvbibir's Blog

0 前言

本文参考以下链接:

1 基本环境

物理环境：Vmware Workstaion
系统版本：Centos-7.9-Minimal
两个 osd 节点添加一块虚拟磁盘，建议不小于 20G

ip	hostname	services
192.168.150.101	ceph-admin(ceph-deploy)	mds1、mon1、mon_mgr、ntp-server
192.168.150.102	ceph-node1	osd1
192.168.150.103	ceph-node2	osd2

2 前期配置

以下操作所有节点都需执行

修改主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-admin
bash
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node1
bash
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node2
bash

修改 hosts 文件

vim /etc/hosts

192.168.150.101 ceph-admin
192.168.150.102 ceph-node1
192.168.150.103 ceph-node2

关闭防火墙和 selinux、修改 yum 源及安装一些常用工具

这里提供了一个简单的系统初始化脚本用来做上述操作，适用于 Centos7

chmod 777 init.sh
./init.sh

init.sh 文件内容

#!/bin/bash

echo "========start============="
sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
setenforce 0
iptables -F
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld

echo "====dowload wget========="
yum install -y wget

echo "====backup repo==========="
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ 

echo "====dowload aliyum-repo===="
wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-Base.repo
wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

echo "====upgrade yum============"
yum clean all
yum makecache fast

echo "====dowload tools========="
yum install -y net-tools vim bash-completion

echo "=========finish============"

每个节点安装和配置 NTP (官方推荐的是集群的所有节点全部安装并配置 NTP，需要保证各节点的系统时间一致。没有自己部署 ntp 服务器，就在线同步 NTP)

yum install chrony -y
systemctl start chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd

ceph-admin

vim /etc/chrony.conf
systemctl restart chronyd
chronyc sources

这里使用阿里云的 ntp 服务器

ceph-node1、ceph-node2

vim /etc/chrony.conf
systemctl restart chronyd
chronyc sources

这里指定 ceph-admin 节点的 ip 即可

添加 ceph 源

yum -y install epel-release
rpm --import http://mirrors.163.com/ceph/keys/release.asc
rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs http://mirrors.163.com/ceph/rpm-nautilus/el7/noarch/ceph-release-1-1.el7.noarch.rpm

安装完后应有如下内容的 repo 文件

[Ceph]
name=Ceph packages for $basearch
baseurl=http://download.ceph.com/rpm-nautilus/el7/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc

[Ceph-noarch]
name=Ceph noarch packages
baseurl=http://download.ceph.com/rpm-nautilus/el7/noarch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc

[ceph-source]
name=Ceph source packages
baseurl=http://download.ceph.com/rpm-nautilus/el7/SRPMS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc

3 磁盘准备

以下操作在 osd 节点（ceph-node1、ceph-node2）执行

# 检查磁盘
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

# 格式化磁盘
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# parted -s /dev/sdb mklabel gpt mkpart primary xfs 0% 100%
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb -f

# 查看磁盘格式
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# blkid -o value -s TYPE /dev/sdb
xfs

配置 ssh 免密

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ssh-keygen
# 一路回车
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ssh-copy-id root@ceph-node1
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ssh-copy-id root@ceph-node2

安装 ceph-deploy

[root@ceph-admin ~]# yum install -y python2-pip
[root@ceph-admin ~]# yum install -y ceph-deploy

创建文件夹用户存放集群文件

[root@ceph-admin ~]# mkdir /root/my-ceph
[root@ceph-admin ~]# cd /root/my-ceph/

创建集群, 后面填写 monit 节点的主机名，这里 monit 节点和管理节点是同一台机器，即 ceph-admin

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy new ceph-admin

[ceph_deploy.conf][DEBUG ] found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ] Invoked (2.0.1): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy new ceph-admin
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ] ceph-deploy options:
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  username                      : None
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  func                          : <function new at 0x7f2217df3de8>
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  verbose                       : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  overwrite_conf                : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  quiet                         : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  cd_conf                       : <ceph_deploy.conf.cephdeploy.Conf instance at 0x7f221756e4d0>
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  cluster                       : ceph
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  ssh_copykey                   : True
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  mon                           : ['ceph-admin']
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  public_network                : None
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  ceph_conf                     : None
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  cluster_network               : None
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  default_release               : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  fsid                          : None
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Creating new cluster named ceph
[ceph_deploy.new][INFO  ] making sure passwordless SSH succeeds
[ceph-admin][DEBUG ] connected to host: ceph-admin
[ceph-admin][DEBUG ] detect platform information from remote host
[ceph-admin][DEBUG ] detect machine type
[ceph-admin][DEBUG ] find the location of an executable
[ceph-admin][INFO  ] Running command: /usr/sbin/ip link show
[ceph-admin][INFO  ] Running command: /usr/sbin/ip addr show
[ceph-admin][DEBUG ] IP addresses found: [u'192.168.150.101']
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Resolving host ceph-admin
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Monitor ceph-admin at 192.168.150.101
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Monitor initial members are ['ceph-admin']
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Monitor addrs are ['192.168.150.101']
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Creating a random mon key...
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Writing monitor keyring to ceph.mon.keyring...
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Writing initial config to ceph.conf...

修改集群配置文件

注意：mon_host 必须和 public network 网络是同网段内

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# vim ceph.conf
# 添加如下两行内容
......
public_network = 192.168.150.0/24
osd_pool_default_size = 2

开始安装

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy install --release nautilus ceph-admin ceph-node1 ceph-node2

# 出现以下提示说明安装成功

[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] Complete!
[ceph-node2][INFO  ] Running command: ceph --version
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] ceph version 12.2.13 (584a20eb0237c657dc0567da126be145106aa47e) nautilus (stable)

初始化 monit 监控节点，并收集所有密钥

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy mon create-initial
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy gatherkeys ceph-admin

检查 OSD 节点上所有可用的磁盘

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy disk list ceph-node1 ceph-node2

删除所有 osd 节点上的分区、准备 osd 及激活 osd

主机上有多块磁盘要作为 osd 时新增 --data 即可, 每个 --data 后跟一块磁盘

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node1 --data /dev/sdb
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node2 --data /dev/sdb

在两个 osd 节点上通过命令已显示磁盘已成功 mount

[root@ceph-node1 ~]# lsblk

查看 osd

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy disk list ceph-node1 ceph-node2
......
......
[ceph-node1][INFO  ] Disk /dev/mapper/ceph--2bb0ec8d--547c--42c2--9858--08ccfd043bd4-osd--block--33e8dba4--6dfc--4753--b9ba--0d0c54166f0c: 21.5 GB, 21470642176 bytes, 41934848 sectors
......
......
[ceph-node2][INFO  ] Disk /dev/mapper/ceph--f9a95e6c--fc7b--46b4--a835--dd997c0d6335-osd--block--db903124--4c01--40d7--8a58--b26e17c1db29: 21.5 GB, 21470642176 bytes, 41934848 sectors

同步集群文件，这样就可以在所有节点执行 ceph 命令了

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy admin ceph-admin ceph-node1 ceph-node2

在其他节点查看 osd 的目录树

[root@ceph-node1 ~]# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT  TYPE NAME           STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
-1       0.03897 root default
-3       0.01949     host ceph-node1
 0   hdd 0.01949         osd.0           up  1.00000 1.00000
-5       0.01949     host ceph-node2
 1   hdd 0.01949         osd.1           up  1.00000 1.00000

配置 mgr

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph-deploy mgr create ceph-admin

查看集群状态和集群 service 状态

此时是 HEALTH_WARN 状态，是由于启用了不安全模式

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph health
HEALTH_WARN mon is allowing insecure global_id reclaim
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph -s
  cluster:
    id:     fd816347-598c-4ed6-b356-591a618a0bdc
    health: HEALTH_WARN
            mon is allowing insecure global_id reclaim

  services:
    mon: 1 daemons, quorum ceph-admin (age 3h)
    mgr: mon_mgr(active, since 17s)
    osd: 2 osds: 2 up (since 3m), 2 in (since 3m)

  data:
    pools:   0 pools, 0 pgs
    objects: 0 objects, 0 B
    usage:   2.0 GiB used, 38 GiB / 40 GiB avail
    pgs:

禁用不安全模式

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph config set mon auth_allow_insecure_global_id_reclaim false
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph health
HEALTH_OK

5 开启 dashboard

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# yum install -y ceph-mgr-dashboard
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph mgr module enable dashboard
# 创建自签证书
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard create-self-signed-cert
# 创建密码文件
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# echo abc123 > ./dashboard_user_pw
# 创建dashboard的登录用户
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard ac-user-create admin -i ./dashboard_user_pw administrator
{"username": "admin", "lastUpdate": 1646037503, "name": null, "roles": ["administrator"], "password": "$2b$12$jGsvau8jFMb4pDwLU/t8KO1sKvmBMcNUYycbXusmgkvTQzlzrMyKi", "email": null}
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph mgr services
{
    "dashboard": "https://ceph-admin:8443/"
}

测试访问

上图中测试环境是 win10+chrome，同事反应 mac+chrome 会出现无法访问的情况，原因是我们使用的自签证书，浏览器并不信任此证书，可以通过以下两种方式解决

关闭 dashboard 的 ssl 访问
下载证书配置浏览器信任证书

5.1 关闭 ssl

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph config set mgr mgr/dashboard/ssl false
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph mgr module disable dashboard
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph mgr module enable dashboard
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph mgr services
{
    "dashboard": "http://ceph-admin:8080/"
}

如果出现 Module 'dashboard' has failed: IOError("Port 8443 not free on '::'",) 这种报错，需要重启下 mgr：systemctl restart ceph-mgr@ceph-admin

测试访问

5.2 开启 rgw

默认 object gateway 功能没有开启

创建 rgw 实例

ceph-deploy rgw create ceph-admin

默认运行端口是 7480

创建 rgw 用户

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# radosgw-admin user create --uid=rgw --display-name=rgw --system

提供 dashboard 证书

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# echo UI2T50HNZUCVVYYZNDHP > rgw_user_access_key
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# echo 11rg0WbXuh2Svexck3vJKs19u1UQINixDWIpN5Dq > rgw_user_secret_key
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard set-rgw-api-access-key -i rgw_user_access_key
Option RGW_API_ACCESS_KEY updated
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard set-rgw-api-secret-key -i rgw_user_secret_key
Option RGW_API_SECRET_KEY updated

禁用 ssl

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard set-rgw-api-ssl-verify False
Option RGW_API_SSL_VERIFY updated

启用 rgw

[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard set-rgw-api-host 192.168.150.101
Option RGW_API_HOST updated
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard set-rgw-api-port 7480
Option RGW_API_PORT updated
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard set-rgw-api-scheme http
Option RGW_API_SCHEME updated
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# ceph dashboard set-rgw-api-user-id rgw
Option RGW_API_USER_ID updated
[root@ceph-admin my-ceph]# systemctl restart ceph-radosgw.target

验证

目前 object gateway 功能已成功开启

6 其他

6.1 清除 ceph 集群

清除安装包

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph-deploy purge ceph-admin ceph-node1 ceph-node2

清除配置信息

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph-deploy purgedata ceph-admin ceph-node1 ceph-node2
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph-deploy forgetkeys

每个节点删除残留的配置文件

rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/osd/*
rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/mon/*
rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/mds/*
rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-mds/*
rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/*
rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-mon/*
rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/tmp/*
rm -rf /etc/ceph/*
rm -rf /var/run/ceph/*

清理磁盘设备 (/dev/mapper/ceph*)

ls /dev/mapper/ceph-* | xargs -I% -- dmsetup remove %

6.2 dashboard 无法访问的问题

在关闭 dashboard 的 https 后，出现了一个很奇怪的问题，使用 chrome 浏览器无法访问 dashboard 了，edge 或者使用 chrome 无痕模式可以正常访问，期间尝试了各种方法包括重新配置 dashboard 和清理 chrome 浏览器的缓存和 cookie 等方式都没有解决问题，结果第二天起来打开环境一看自己好了＞﹏＜

问题情况见下图

GIF 2022-3-1 15-21-48

日志报错：

6.3 同步配置文件

ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf config push ceph-node{1,2,3,4}

6.4 添加 mon 节点和 mgr 节点

ceph-deploy mon create ceph-node{1,2,3,4}
ceph-deploy mgr create ceph-node{1,2,3,4}

记得修改配置文件

之后同步配置文件

ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf config push ceph-node{1,2,3,4}

以上

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lvbibir's Blog

0 前言

1 基本环境

2 前期配置

3 磁盘准备

5 开启 dashboard

5.1 关闭 ssl

5.2 开启 rgw

6 其他

6.1 清除 ceph 集群

6.2 dashboard 无法访问的问题

6.3 同步配置文件

6.4 添加 mon 节点和 mgr 节点