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# Twitter's Snowflake algorithm implementation which is used to generate distributed IDs.
# https://github.com/twitter-archive/snowflake/blob/snowflake-2010/src/main/scala/com/twitter/service/snowflake/IdWorker.scala
import time
import logging
from .exceptions import InvalidSystemClock
# 64位ID的划分
WORKER_ID_BITS = 5
DATACENTER_ID_BITS = 5
SEQUENCE_BITS = 12
# 最大取值计算
MAX_WORKER_ID = -1 ^ (-1 << WORKER_ID_BITS)  # 2**5-1 0b11111
MAX_DATACENTER_ID = -1 ^ (-1 << DATACENTER_ID_BITS)
# 移位偏移计算
WOKER_ID_SHIFT = SEQUENCE_BITS
DATACENTER_ID_SHIFT = SEQUENCE_BITS + WORKER_ID_BITS
TIMESTAMP_LEFT_SHIFT = SEQUENCE_BITS + WORKER_ID_BITS + DATACENTER_ID_BITS
# 序号循环掩码
SEQUENCE_MASK = -1 ^ (-1 << SEQUENCE_BITS)
# Twitter元年时间戳
TWEPOCH = 1288834974657
logger = logging.getLogger('flask.app')
class IdWorker(object):
    """
    用于生成IDs
    """
    def __init__(self, datacenter_id, worker_id, sequence=0):
        """
        初始化
        :param datacenter_id: 数据中心（机器区域）ID
        :param worker_id: 机器ID
        :param sequence: 其实序号
        """
        # sanity check
        if worker_id > MAX_WORKER_ID or worker_id < 0:
            raise ValueError('worker_id值越界')
        if datacenter_id > MAX_DATACENTER_ID or datacenter_id < 0:
            raise ValueError('datacenter_id值越界')
        self.worker_id = worker_id
        self.datacenter_id = datacenter_id
        self.sequence = sequence
        self.last_timestamp = -1  # 上次计算的时间戳
    def _gen_timestamp(self):
        """
        生成整数时间戳
        :return:int timestamp
        """
        return int(time.time() * 1000)
    def get_id(self):
        """
        获取新ID
        :return:
        """
        timestamp = self._gen_timestamp()
        # 时钟回拨
        if timestamp < self.last_timestamp:
            logging.error('clock is moving backwards. Rejecting requests until {}'.format(self.last_timestamp))
            raise InvalidSystemClock
        if timestamp == self.last_timestamp:
            self.sequence = (self.sequence + 1) & SEQUENCE_MASK
            if self.sequence == 0:
                timestamp = self._til_next_millis(self.last_timestamp)
        else:
            self.sequence = 0
        self.last_timestamp = timestamp
        new_id = ((timestamp - TWEPOCH) << TIMESTAMP_LEFT_SHIFT) | (self.datacenter_id << DATACENTER_ID_SHIFT) | \
                 (self.worker_id << WOKER_ID_SHIFT) | self.sequence
        return new_id
    def _til_next_millis(self, last_timestamp):
        """
        等到下一毫秒
        """
        timestamp = self._gen_timestamp()
        while timestamp <= last_timestamp:
            timestamp = self._gen_timestamp()
        return timestamp
if __name__ == '__main__':
    worker = IdWorker(1, 2, 0)
    print(worker.get_id())

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class InvalidSystemClock(Exception):
    """
    时钟回拨异常
    """
    pass

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# Snowflake ID Worker 参数
DATACENTER_ID = 0
WORKER_ID = 0
SEQUENCE = 0

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start = time.time()
for _ in range(1000000):
    worker.get_id()
end = time.time()
print('time:{}'.format(end - start))
-->
time:0.3120908737182617

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import time  
import random  
  class Snowflake:  
    def __init__(self, worker_id, data_center_id):  
        ### 机器标识ID
        self.worker_id = worker_id  
        ### 数据中心ID
        self.data_center_id = data_center_id  
        ### 计数序列号
        self.sequence = 0  
        ### 时间戳
        self.last_timestamp = -1
      def next_id(self):  
        timestamp = int(time.time() * 1000)  
        if timestamp < self.last_timestamp:  
            raise Exception("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds" % abs(timestamp - self.last_timestamp))  
        if timestamp == self.last_timestamp:  
            self.sequence = (self.sequence + 1) & 4095  
            if self.sequence == 0:  
                timestamp = self.wait_for_next_millis(self.last_timestamp)  
        else:  
            self.sequence = 0  
        self.last_timestamp = timestamp  
        return ((timestamp - 1288834974657) << 22) | (self.data_center_id << 17) | (self.worker_id << 12) | self.sequence  
      def wait_for_next_millis(self, last_timestamp):  
        timestamp = int(time.time() * 1000)  
        while timestamp <= last_timestamp:  
            timestamp = int(time.time() * 1000)  
        return timestamp  
### test
if __name__ == '__main__':  
    worker_id = 1  
    data_center_id = 1  
    snowflake = Snowflake(worker_id, data_center_id)  
    for i in range(10):  
        try:  
            print(snowflake.next_id())  
        except Exception as e:  
            print("Clock moved backwards:", e)

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start = time.time()
for i in range(1000000):  
    snowflake.next_id()
end = time.time()
print(end - start)
-->
0.27877068519592285

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pip install pysnowflake

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snowflake_start_server \
--address=0.0.0.0 \
--port=8910 \
--dc=1 \
--worker=1 \
--log_file_prefix=/tmp/pysnowflask.log

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nohup snowflake_start_server --address=127.0.0.1 --port=8910 --dc=1 --worker=1 --log_file_prefix=/tmp/pysnowflask.log>/dev/null &

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import snowflake.client
def get_snowflake_uuid():
    guid = snowflake.client.get_guid()
    return guid
get_snowflake_uuid()

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a = 60 # 60 的二进制位数是： 0011 1100 （111100）
 print(a << 2) # 0011 1100 左移两位 1111 0000 = 240
print(a >> 2) # 0011 1100 右移两位 0000 1111 = 15

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--- 百度uid-generator：
    https://gitee.com/mirrors/UidGenerator
    https://github.com/baidu/uid-generator
    https://blog.csdn.net/Jacksun_huang/article/details/99948429
--- Leaf—美团点评分布式ID生成系统：
    https://tech.meituan.com/2019/03/07/open-source-project-leaf.html
    https://tech.meituan.com/2017/04/21/mt-leaf.html　　
--- 雪花算法SpringBoot版
    https://gitee.com/darkranger/id-generator
--- 推荐基于python实现：
    https://www.cnblogs.com/oklizz/p/11865750.html
--- 其他：
    https://www.jianshu.com/p/1271babe6b08