Abstract:In the past decade, numerous studies have applied deep neural networks (DNNs) to decode auditory attention (AAD) from Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals via stimulus reconstruction. However, the influence of dataset balance on the decoding performance of stimulus reconstruction-based AAD remains unexplored. In this study, three publicly available EEG-AAD datasets - KUL, DTU, and NJU cEEGrid - are used to construct both balanced and unbalanced experimental conditions. We hypothesize and demonstrate that stimulus reconstruction-based DNN decoders tend to produce overestimated decoding performance on unbalanced datasets. To address this issue, we propose a leave-one-paired-envelope-out (LOPEO) cross-validation protocol. Experimental results confirm that LOPEO effectively prevents inflated decoding accuracy on unbalanced datasets. While balanced datasets are generally preferred in experimental design, LOPEO provides a principled evaluation framework for unbalanced datasets that have already been published, filling an important gap in the field.
| Subjects: | Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS); Machine Learning (cs.LG) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2605.25605 [eess.AS] |
| (or arXiv:2605.25605v1 [eess.AS] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.25605 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) |
From: Yuanming Zhang [view email]
[v1]
Mon, 25 May 2026 08:58:19 UTC (312 KB)
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