Abstract:Industrial Water Treatment Systems (IWTS) are safety critical cyber-physical infrastructures and due to increased connectivity, these systems are exposed to cyber threats that can manipulate process behaviour without creating obvious devices outliers. In particular, logic-layer deception anomalies can preserve numerically plausible measurements while breaking expected cause-and-effect relationships in the control process. These attacks are difficult to detect using threshold-based monitoring or require heavy server-oriented anomaly detection models. This paper explores the potential of Tiny Deep Learning (TinyDL) to provide lightweight on-device logic-level anomaly detection for resource constrained Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). We propose a novel framework, TinyDL-based incremental LSTM (Ti-iLSTM) which optimises the memory and space foot print of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), to detect logic-layer inconsistencies in Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) based Industrial Water Treatment Systems (IWTS). Experiments on the publicly available SWaT dataset show that the optimised model achieves high detection performance (F1-score=0.983 and ROC-AUC=0.998). A deployment-style validation on the WADI dataset confirms that the proposed light-weight framework remains applicable beyond a single dataset. The research demonstrates that combining logic-aware supervision with Tiny Deep Learning (TinyDL) sequence learning creates an efficient and accurate anomaly detection suitable for resource constrained Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) in industrial environments.
| Comments: | NA |
| Subjects: | Machine Learning (cs.LG) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2605.15874 [cs.LG] |
| (or arXiv:2605.15874v1 [cs.LG] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.15874 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) |
From: Farzana Zahid [view email]
[v1]
Fri, 15 May 2026 11:44:31 UTC (679 KB)
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