CentOS 7 下安装并配置 Homebrew

在 CentOS 下安装包时，通常需要寻找各种源，使用 Homebrew 就没这样的烦恼。本文使用的是 CentOS 7.6，不同的系统版本可能会有差异。

1. 创建非 root 用户

Homebrew 不允许以 root 身份运行，因此需要创建一个新的用户。

新建用户

设置密码

给新用户添加 sudo 权限

编辑权限配置文件:

1
2

chmod +w /etc/sudoers
vi /etc/sudoers

添加如下内容

`1`	`shaowenchen ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL`

恢复文件权限

2. 安装并配置 Homebrew

2.1 安装必要的基础软件

本文安装的是 Homebrew 3.0.9 , 官方文档中描述存在如下依赖:

* GCC 4.7.0 or newer
* Linux 2.6.32 or newer
* Glibc 2.13 or newer
* 64-bit x86_64 CPU

可以跳过 GCC 的检查，之后使用 Homebrew 进行安装。

检查内核版本

1
2
3

uname -a

Linux myhost 3.10.0-957.21.3.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jun 18 16:35:19 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

检查 Glibc 版本

ldd --version

ldd (GNU libc) 2.17
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.

安装基础软件

1
2

yum groupinstall -y ‘Development Tools’
yum install -y curl file git

2.2 升级 git 和 curl

升级 git 版本，不低于 2.7.0

`1`	`yum install -y https://packages.endpoint.com/rhel/7/os/x86_64/endpoint-repo-1.7-1.x86_64.rpm`

升级版本

查看版本

1
2
3

git --version

git version 2.30.1

升级 curl 版本，不低于 7.41.0

`1`	`yum install -y http://www.city-fan.org/ftp/contrib/yum-repo/city-fan.org-release-2-1.rhel7.noarch.rpm`

编辑源文件，开启 [city-fan.org]，将 enabled 置为 1。

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/city-fan.org.repo

[city-fan.org]
...
enabled=1

安装依赖

`1`	`yum install -y https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/l/libnghttp2-1.33.0-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm`

升级版本

查看版本

1
2
3

curl --version

curl 7.75.0

3. 安装 Homebrew

切换到非 root 用户

安装 Homebrew

`1`	`/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"`

添加 brew 命令到 PATH

test -d ~/.linuxbrew && eval $(~/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)
test -d /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew && eval $(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)
test -r ~/.bash_profile && echo "eval \$($(brew --prefix)/bin/brew shellenv)" >>~/.bash_profile
echo "eval \$($(brew --prefix)/bin/brew shellenv)" >>~/.profile

直接将 .linuxbrew/bin 添加到 PATH 会导致安装新工具时，make 报错。

查看版本

brew  --version

Homebrew 3.0.9
Homebrew/homebrew-core (git revision 1ce004f2f0b; last commit 2021-03-28)

[可选]添加 brew 到 Zsh

test -r ~/.zshrc && echo "eval \$($(brew --prefix)/bin/brew shellenv)" >>~/.zshrc

4. 使用

之前写过一篇《Homebrew 使用》，介绍了一些常用的命令，这里不再重复。仅安装几个常用的软件，用于测试。

安装 GCC

brew install gcc

==> Downloading https://linuxbrew.bintray.com/bottles/isl-0.23.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/46/46537a01a0cc82ea18528293b6bac03be7ab14b2fc3a7a28051f1b26e24f6c57?__gda__=exp=1616978202~hmac=b7727c9ae79b54bebc199a095c01e70251446ed4012bfb5900dd877e06229fd1&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22isl-0
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Downloading https://linuxbrew.bintray.com/bottles/gcc-10.2.0_4.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/e6/e62efea399fd03d854ff871210b941e5c3277d821e9148badceeda883f53f016?__gda__=exp=1616978204~hmac=a7e19e02629bc1c462635349fe3c01039f581e2014153c704f72e54bc2d93c35&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22gcc-1
#################                                                         24.9%
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Installing dependencies for gcc: isl
==> Installing gcc dependency: isl
==> Pouring isl-0.23.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/Cellar/isl/0.23: 73 files, 6.6MB
==> Installing gcc
==> Pouring gcc-10.2.0_4.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
Warning: The post-install step did not complete successfully
You can try again using:
  brew postinstall gcc
==> Summary
🍺  /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/Cellar/gcc/10.2.0_4: 1,481 files, 264.3MB
==> No outdated dependents to upgrade!
==> Checking for dependents of upgraded formulae...
==> Reinstalling 1 broken dependent from source:
gcc

安装 Kubectl

brew install kubectl

==> Downloading https://linuxbrew.bintray.com/bottles/kubernetes-cli-1.20.4_1.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/c5/c5dd394d0bd150aff18ded31f29e52ece6dcbd064ebe46e7f746891822a12eff?__gda__=exp=1616978407~hmac=13c24ddb7a7e90118b1aa8184d2c4688f719a945c4f0d033352a7cae9c845887&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22kuber
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring kubernetes-cli-1.20.4_1.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
Bash completion has been installed to:
  /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/etc/bash_completion.d
==> Summary
🍺  /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/Cellar/kubernetes-cli/1.20.4_1: 246 files, 40.9MB

安装 Kind

brew install kind

==> Downloading https://linuxbrew.bintray.com/bottles/kind-0.10.0.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/7a/7a5595da7f271219a53cbd95a5b729c581fb3e4f8ece6d449074cbe33f10d627?__gda__=exp=1616978455~hmac=754a3789f01e3c27ebdfa1b65e51392eaeacf61f878a9d607b78d342f52c5dfa&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22kind-
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring kind-0.10.0.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
Bash completion has been installed to:
  /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/etc/bash_completion.d
==> Summary
🍺  /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/Cellar/kind/0.10.0: 8 files, 9.4MB

5. 参考

https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux#requirements

推荐订阅源

陈少文的网站