惯性聚合 高效追踪和阅读你感兴趣的博客、新闻、科技资讯
阅读原文 在惯性聚合中打开

推荐订阅源

T
Tailwind CSS Blog
MyScale Blog
MyScale Blog
博客园 - Franky
酷 壳 – CoolShell
酷 壳 – CoolShell
WordPress大学
WordPress大学
有赞技术团队
有赞技术团队
雷峰网
雷峰网
罗磊的独立博客
小众软件
小众软件
OSCHINA 社区最新新闻
OSCHINA 社区最新新闻
让小产品的独立变现更简单 - ezindie.com
让小产品的独立变现更简单 - ezindie.com
V
V2EX
奇客Solidot–传递最新科技情报
奇客Solidot–传递最新科技情报
The Cloudflare Blog
Hugging Face - Blog
Hugging Face - Blog
博客园 - 【当耐特】
博客园 - 司徒正美
Last Week in AI
Last Week in AI
月光博客
月光博客
阮一峰的网络日志
阮一峰的网络日志
美团技术团队
钛媒体:引领未来商业与生活新知
钛媒体:引领未来商业与生活新知
量子位
宝玉的分享
宝玉的分享

math updates on arXiv.org

Coupling-Robust Accuracy in Multiphysics Physics Informed Neural Networks via Kronecker-Preconditioned Optimization Non-normal spectral signatures of instability in neural network training dynamics Optimization of randomized neural networks for transfer operator approximation Selective Ambulance Dispatch Under Contextual Travel-Time Uncertainty LLAMA LIMA: A Living Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Generative AI on Learning Mathematics Neural Flow Operators can Approximate any Operator: Abstract Frameworks and Universal Approximations LLMs as Noisy Channels: A Shannon Perspective on Model Capacity and Scaling Laws On the Stability of Spherical Hellinger-Kantorovich Flows and Their Implications for Differential Privacy Training-Free Looped Transformers Move on Muon : A Hamiltonian probability gradient flow perspective of Muon optimizer Entrywise Error Bounds for Spectral Ranking with Semi-Random Adversaries Asymmetric Scaling Laws from Sparse Features Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? RA-DCA: A Randomized Active-Set DCA for Directional Stationarity in Max-Structured DC Programs Commutator-Induced Uncertainty in VAEs Weisfeiler-Leman Is Incomplete on Simple Spectrum Graphs, so Canonicalize Them Sparse In-Network Learning via Shortest-Path Backpropagation and Finite-Rate Gating Instance-Optimal Estimation with Multiple LLM Judges on a Budget Entropy Equivalence Testing Expand More, Shrink Less: Shaping Effective-Rank Dynamics for Dense Scaling in Recommendation Any-Dimensional Invariant Universality Operationalizing Individual Fairness via Gradient Descent and Bradley-Terry Models Anytime Training with Schedule-Free Spectral Optimization Diffusion-based Denoising Beats Vanilla Score Matching in Parameter Estimation: A Theoretical Explanation Resilience Characterization of AI-Native Wireless Receivers via Persistent Homology The General Theory of Localization Methods Group-Algebraic Tensors: Provably-optimal Equivariant Learning and Physical Symmetry Discovery General Lower Bounds for Differentially Private Federated Learning with Arbitrary Public-Transcript Interactions PilotWiMAE: Pilot-Native Representation Learning for Wireless Channels Proximal basin hopping: global optimization with guarantees
Exact Variance and Fano Factor for Arbitrary Level Crossi...
Shivang Rawat, Flaviano Morone, David J. Heeger, Stefano Martini · 2026-05-25 · via math updates on arXiv.org

Understanding the statistics of level crossings in stochastic processes is crucial across many scientific disciplines. The traditional Kac-Rice formula gives the mean rate of level crossings and has found broad use. However, that mean rate captures only a coarse summary of the crossing process. It depends entirely on local properties of the stochastic process at a given instant and is therefore blind to the correlation structure of the process over time. To understand whether crossing events, such as neuronal spikes, tend to cluster in time, spread apart, or exhibit more complex temporal organization, one must go beyond the mean rate and study higher-order crossing statistics. Here we go beyond the mean by deriving the exact analytical formulae for the variance and Fano factor of arbitrary level crossings in smooth stationary Gaussian processes. Our exact solution reveals how the full temporal correlation structure dictates whether crossings cluster or become regular. In systems with oscillatory correlations, such as a stochastic damped harmonic oscillator, a recent crossing suppresses an immediate subsequent one, producing sub-Poissonian statistics. However, as damping increases and oscillations disappear, a large and slow excursion above the threshold can produce multiple closely spaced crossings, yielding super-Poissonian statistics. In purely relaxational, non-oscillatory systems, such as a mean-reverting process driven by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise, the competition between the timescales of the driving noise and system relaxation produces a richer landscape, including reentrant transitions between sub- and super-Poissonian statistics as the threshold level is varied. Taken together, the exact variance and Fano factor derived here complement the Kac-Rice mean rate, enabling more robust parameter estimation and model selection across any setting where Gaussian processes are used.