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Simultaneous Monitoring of Shape and Surface Color via 4D Point Clouds: A Registration-free Approach A Refined Generalization Analysis for Extreme Multi-class Supervised Contrastive Representation Learning Ensemble Distributionally Robust Bayesian Optimisation The Proxy Presumption: From Semantic Embeddings to Valid Social Measures Modulated learning for private and distributed regression with just a single sample per client device Query-efficient model evaluation using cached responses Functional-prior-based approaches to Bayesian PDE-constrained inversion using physics-informed neural networks Optimal Experiments for Partial Causal Effect Identification Order-Agnostic Autoregressive Modelling with Missing Data Grokking or Glitching? How Low-Precision Drives Slingshot Loss Spikes Tuning Derivatives for Causal Fairness in Machine Learning Spherical Flows for Sampling Categorical Data Bayesian Rain Field Reconstruction using Commercial Microwave Links and Diffusion Model Priors GRALIS: A Unified Canonical Framework for Linear Attribution Methods via Riesz Representation Sharp Capacity Thresholds in Linear Associative Memory: From Winner-Take-All to Listwise Retrieval Unified Framework of Distributional Regret in Multi-Armed Bandits and Reinforcement Learning Jacobian-Velocity Bounds for Deployment Risk Under Covariate Drift Self-Attention as Transport: Limits of Symmetric Spectral Diagnostics Perturbation is All You Need for Extrapolating Language Models Adapt or Forget: Provable Tradeoffs Between Adam and SGD in Nonstationary Optimization Realizable Bayes-Consistency for General Metric Losses Graph Convolutional Support Vector Regression for Robust Spatiotemporal Forecasting of Urban Air Pollution Segmenting Human-LLM Co-authored Text via Change Point Detection Stochastic Schrödinger Diffusion Models for Pure-State Ensemble Generation Understanding Self-Supervised Learning via Latent Distribution Matching The Geometric Mechanics of Contrastive Representation Learning: Alignment Potentials, Entropic Dispersion, and Cross-modal Divergence Imbalanced Classification under Capacity Constraints On the Spectral Structure and Objective Equivalence of Orthogonal Multilabel Fisher Discriminants Partially Observed Structural Causal Models First-Order Efficiency for Probabilistic Value Estimation via A Statistical Viewpoint
Estimation of High-Dimensional Normal Means through Infer...
Samuel J. Eschker, Chuanhai Liu · 2022-07-12 · via stat updates on arXiv.org

The estimation of the multivariate normal mean is a fundamental problem, highlighted by the inadmissibility of the MLE for $n\geq 3$ under quadratic loss. While shrinkage and empirical Bayes methods leverage joint structure through geometric reasoning or hierarchical modeling, this paper proposes a class of point estimators derived from the prior-free framework of inferential models. We develop a generalized probability integral transform for independent, non-i.i.d observations, creating a bijective mapping from the sample to an ordered-uniform reference distribution. By combining this bijection with an ordered-uniform predictive random set based on a reweighted Anderson-Darling statistic, we ensure valid and efficient inference that captures the global shape structure revealed by the ordered observations. We further introduce a maximin (bottleneck) criterion for combining multiple plausibility contours. To ensure computability, we develop a sampling-with-replacement surrogate that connects the exact formulation to over-parameterized (g)-modeling. Our approach provides a structural explanation of Stein's paradox, showing that the MLE corresponds to a zero-density point of the joint auxiliary distribution, revealing its implausibility from an auxiliary perspective. Numerical studies show that our estimators are competitive with state-of-the-art auto-modeling methods and outperform classical shrinkage and empirical Bayes methods.