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To approximate the model, a $\theta$-weighted nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) method is developed. This method preserves the continuous system's key qualitative properties, including positivity and boundedness, and is unconditionally stable in the fully implicit case. Consistency and first-order convergence are also proven. Numerical experiments, together with sensitivity and bifurcation analyses, illustrate the impact of fractional memory parameters on epidemic evolution and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
From: Matthias Ehrhardt [view email]
[v1]
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 13:11:50 UTC (982 KB)
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