Satoshi Guesser

A slot-machine web game that "guesses" Satoshi Nakamoto's Bitcoin private keys. The odds are astronomically remote (~1 in 5.27 × 10⁷² per spin), but the cryptography is real: every pull rolls a random 256-bit number, derives the Bitcoin address, and checks it against a curated set of ~22,000 Patoshi-pattern coinbase addresses plus the genesis block. If the derived address ever matches, the random number you rolled is the working private key for that wallet — no server, no API, no catch.

Live at satoshiguesser.com (when deployed).

How it works (no blockchain required)

Bitcoin's address derivation is a one-way deterministic chain:

random 256-bit number  ──►  secp256k1 public key  ──►  HASH160  ──►  Base58Check address
   (private key)              (point on curve)         (RIPEMD160(SHA256))

Every Bitcoin address has exactly one private key that controls it. So when the game generates a random 256-bit number, that number is a valid private key — it just controls some random address with (almost certainly) zero balance. If that derived address ever matches one of Satoshi's, the random number is the private key to that wallet, full stop. The math is the verification.

What ships with the page (at build time):

1. The set of Satoshi-attributed addresses, as a Bloom filter for fast lookup (~135 KB) plus a sorted (hash160, balance_sats) table for prize readout (~615 KB, lazy-loaded only on a Bloom hit).
2. A hardcoded BTC/USD constant with a snapshot date.

Nothing else. No node connection, no API call, no telemetry.

Features

• Two reel modes: classic 3-reel ✗/✓, or "realistic" 64 hex cells that reveal the full candidate private key with red/green flash on result.
• No-delay toggle: skip animations, snap results in synchronously. Spam-clickable as fast as your finger goes (~2,500 spins/sec headroom).
• Autospin: chains spins automatically. 250 ms between spins normally; drops to 16 ms (one paint frame) when no-delay is also on. Auto-pauses on win.
• Live header: jackpot in BTC and USD, per-spin odds, wallet count, price snapshot date, "Win up to X billion dollars!" tagline (computed, not hardcoded).
• Win UX: modal with the matched address, the WIF private key, the prize in BTC and USD, "Copy" button, confetti, and a win-arpeggio sound.
• Dev-win flag: append ?devwin=1 to the URL to force a "win" against the genesis address. The shown WIF won't actually unlock anything (we don't have Satoshi's key) — it's purely for verifying the win UI.
• Synthesised audio: lever click, reel-stop tick, lose thunk, win arpeggio. Generated via Web Audio API — no asset downloads.
• Spacebar also pulls the lever.

Quick start

Requires Node 22 or newer.

npm install
npm run dev          # http://localhost:5173

The predev hook regenerates public/data/satoshi-bloom.bin, satoshi-wallets.bin, and wallet-stats.json from data/wallets.csv on every dev start, so editing the CSV propagates automatically.

npm run build        # production bundle in dist/
npm run preview      # serve dist/ for a final smoke test
npm test             # 11 unit/integration tests

Project layout

SatoshiGuesser/
├── index.html                    # single page, no framework
├── src/
│   ├── main.js                   # app entry: wires UI, audio, game loop
│   ├── game/
│   │   ├── crypto.js             # privkey → secp256k1 → HASH160 → P2PKH; WIF
│   │   ├── bloom.js              # Bloom filter (serialise + has/add)
│   │   ├── wallet-table.js       # sorted (hash160, balance) binary search
│   │   ├── wallets.js            # lazy-loads bloom + table; checkHash160s()
│   │   └── spin.js               # one-spin pipeline; supports devwin override
│   ├── ui/
│   │   ├── log.js                # rolling log textarea
│   │   ├── slot-classic.js       # 3-reel ✗/✓ animation
│   │   ├── slot-realistic.js     # 64 hex cells with red/green flash
│   │   └── win-dialog.js         # modal + confetti + clipboard
│   ├── audio/audio.js            # Web Audio synthesised SFX
│   └── styles/{main,slot}.css
├── data/
│   └── wallets.csv               # canonical input — 21,954 addresses + balances
├── scripts/
│   ├── fetch-patoshi.js          # downloads bensig CSV → data/wallets.csv
│   ├── build-wallet-set.js       # data/wallets.csv → public/data/*.bin
│   └── bench-spin.js             # microbench (per-spin cost)
├── public/
│   ├── data/                     # generated artifacts (gitignored)
│   └── audio/                    # reserved for future audio assets
├── tests/
│   ├── crypto.test.js            # known privkey/pubkey/WIF vectors + genesis
│   ├── wallets.test.js           # bloom + table round-trip
│   └── spin.test.js              # end-to-end-ish miss/hit
├── PLAN.md                       # original design plan
└── package.json

The wallet dataset

data/wallets.csv is the canonical input. Format:

# comments OK; blank lines OK
address,balance_btc[,note]
1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa,50.0,Genesis
12c6DSiU4Rq3P4ZxziKxzrL5LmMBrzjrJX,50.0
1HLoD9E4SDFFPDiYfNYnkBLQ85Y51J3Zb1     # balance defaults to 50 BTC

The current file holds 21,954 unique addresses totalling 1,097,702.49 BTC — 21,953 Patoshi-pattern coinbase outputs plus the genesis block.

Regenerating from upstream

npm run fetch:patoshi      # downloads + converts P2PK → P2PKH addresses
npm run build:wallets      # rebuilds bloom + sorted table

The fetcher pulls bensig/patoshi-addresses (curated by Sergio Demian Lerner / Jameson Lopp), hex-decodes each P2PK uncompressed public key to its P2PKH address, aggregates by address (in case any two coinbases share a key), appends the genesis address as a supplement, and writes a sorted, self-documenting CSV.

Build-time artifacts

scripts/build-wallet-set.js emits three files into public/data/ (all gitignored — they're rebuilt from wallets.csv):

The Bloom filter is sized for 25,000 entries to leave headroom for future updates without changing the FP rate.

Configuration

Two constants live in scripts/build-wallet-set.js:

const BTC_USD_APPROX = 76_228.52;      // refresh near deploy time
const PRICE_SNAPSHOT_DATE = …;          // auto-set to build date

Refresh the price, run npm run build:wallets (or just rebuild — prebuild runs it), and the header strip + tagline update automatically.

The autospin delays live in src/main.js:

const AUTOSPIN_DELAY_MS = 250;          // normal autospin pacing
const AUTOSPIN_DELAY_NO_DELAY_MS = 16;  // when "No delay" is also on

Tests

npm test

11 tests covering:

• known privkey → pubkey → P2PKH address vectors (Bitcoin wiki test vectors)
• WIF encoding (uncompressed and compressed)
• HASH160 round-trip
• Bloom filter add / has + serialise / deserialise
• Sorted table binary-search hit and miss
• End-to-end miss path (random key against the real bloom)
• Planted hit path (genesis hash160 → balance)

Performance

Benchmark (npm run bench — well, node scripts/bench-spin.js):

spins:                 5000
address set size:      134790 bytes (1078320 bits, k=30)
bloom hits (FPs):      0
derive (secp+hash):    avg 0.391 ms/spin
bloom check (×2):      avg 0.004 ms/spin
total per spin:        avg 0.396 ms/spin
throughput:            ~2490 spins/sec

The Bloom check is independent of address-set size — k=30 hash lookups regardless of n. 99% of per-spin cost is the elliptic-curve point multiplication. The data set could grow 100× and you'd notice the page being heavier on first load and absolutely nothing else at runtime.

Deploy to Cloudflare Pages

This is a static site — no Workers, no Durable Objects, no R2.

Path A — Pages + Git (recommended)

1. Push the repo to GitHub.
2. Cloudflare dashboard → Workers & Pages → Create → Pages → connect repo.
3. Build settings:
   • Build command: npm run build
   • Build output directory: dist
   • Root directory: (blank)
4. Save and deploy. Auto-redeploys on every push.
5. Custom domain → add satoshiguesser.com and www.satoshiguesser.com. If the domain is in your Cloudflare account, DNS auto-wires.

Path B — Wrangler direct upload

npm install -D wrangler
npx wrangler login
npm run build
npx wrangler pages deploy dist --project-name satoshi-guesser

Pre-flight

• data/wallets.csv is committed (build needs it).
• public/data/*.bin and wallet-stats.json are gitignored — they regenerate via the prebuild hook in CI.
• Node 22 LTS or newer (Pages default works).

The odds, for context

keyspace        = 2^256              ≈ 1.158 × 10⁷⁷ valid private keys
satoshi addrs   = 21,954
odds per spin   = 21,954 / 2^256     ≈ 1 in 5.27 × 10⁷²

For scale: about 10 million times harder than picking one specific atom from the entire observable universe. At one spin per millisecond (faster than this app runs), you'd expect a hit roughly once per 1.7 × 10⁶² years — about 10⁵² times the current age of the universe. The heat death of the universe occurs first, by a comically wide margin.

Credits

• Sergio Demian Lerner — discoverer of the Patoshi pattern.
• Jameson Lopp — curated dataset.
• bensig/patoshi-addresses — distribution of the curated CSV used by the fetch script.
• @noble/secp256k1, @noble/hashes, @scure/base — Paul Miller's audited, dependency-free crypto primitives.
• canvas-confetti — the confetti.

License

MIT