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cs.CV updates on arXiv.org

ClawGUI: A Unified Framework for Training, Evaluating, and Deploying GUI Agents On the Robustness of Watermarking for Autoregressive Image Generation Revisiting Compositionality in Dual-Encoder Vision-Language Models: The Role of Inference Anthropogenic Regional Adaptation in Multimodal Vision-Language Model From Redaction to Restoration: Deep Learning for Medical Image Anonymization and Reconstruction The Salami Slicing Threat: Exploiting Cumulative Risks in LLM Systems BoxTuning: Directly Injecting the Object Box for Multimodal Model Fine-Tuning Semantic-Geometric Dual Compression: Training-Free Visual Token Reduction for Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Understanding Lightweight Low-Light Image Enhancement via Distribution-Normalizing Preprocessing and Depthwise U-Net Back to the Barn with LLAMAs: Evolving Pretrained LLM Backbones in Finetuning Vision Language Models Pseudo-Unification: Entropy Probing Reveals Divergent Information Patterns in Unified Multimodal Models QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Evaluating the Impact of Medical Image Reconstruction on Downstream AI Fairness and Performance Retinal Cyst Detection from Optical Coherence Tomography Images LoViF 2026 The First Challenge on Weather Removal in Videos STORM: End-to-End Referring Multi-Object Tracking in Videos Data-Efficient Surgical Phase Segmentation in Small-Incision Cataract Surgery: A Controlled Study of Vision Foundation Models Rethinking the Diffusion Model from a Langevin Perspective Zero-shot World Models Are Developmentally Efficient Learners Edu-MMBias: A Three-Tier Multimodal Benchmark for Auditing Social Bias in Vision-Language Models under Educational Contexts VGA-Bench: A Unified Benchmark and Multi-Model Framework for Video Aesthetics and Generation Quality Evaluation Degradation-Consistent Paired Training for Robust AI-Generated Image Detection FREE-Switch: Frequency-based Dynamic LoRA Switch for Style Transfer Demographic and Linguistic Bias Evaluation in Omnimodal Language Models FlowPalm: Optical Flow Driven Non-Rigid Deformation for Geometrically Diverse Palmprint Generation Cross-Cultural Value Awareness in Large Vision-Language Models I Walk the Line: Examining the Role of Gestalt Continuity in Object Binding for Vision Transformers GLEaN: A Text-to-image Bias Detection Approach for Public Comprehension From UAV Imagery to Agronomic Reasoning: A Multimodal LLM Benchmark for Plant Phenotyping Not Your Stereo-Typical Estimator: Combining Vision and Language for Volume Perception
Fusion and Grouping Strategies in Deep Learning for Local...
Ancymol Thomas, Jaya Sreevalsan-Nair · 2026-03-05 · via cs.CV updates on arXiv.org

Local Climate Zones (LCZs) give a zoning map to study urban structures and land use and analyze the impact of urbanization on local climate. Multimodal remote sensing enables LCZ classification, for which data fusion is significant for improving accuracy owing to the data complexity. However, there is a gap in a comprehensive analysis of the fusion mechanisms used in their deep learning (DL) classifier architectures. This study analyzes different fusion strategies in the multi-class LCZ classification models for multimodal data and grouping strategies based on inherent data characteristics. The different models involving Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) include: (i) baseline hybrid fusion (FM1), (ii) with self- and cross-attention mechanisms (FM2), (iii) with the multi-scale Gaussian filtered images (FM3), and (iv) weighted decision-level fusion (FM4). Ablation experiments are conducted to study the pixel-, feature-, and decision-level fusion effects in the model performance. Grouping strategies include band grouping (BG) within the data modalities and label merging (LM) in the ground truth. Our analysis is exclusively done on the So2Sat LCZ42 dataset, which consists of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Multispectral Imaging (MSI) image pairs. Our results show that FM1 consistently outperforms simple fusion methods. FM1 with BG and LM is found to be the most effective approach among all fusion strategies, giving an overall accuracy of 76.6\%. Importantly, our study highlights the effect of these strategies in improving prediction accuracy for the underrepresented classes. Our code and processed datasets are available at https://github.com/GVCL/LCZC-MultiModalHybridFusion