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Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
LUCoS: Latent Unsupervised Context Selection for Tabular ...
Oroel Ipas, Guillermo Gomez-Trenado, Rocío Romero-Zaliz, Isaac T · 2026-05-27 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Selecting which instances to label is a key challenge in low-label tabular learning. For recent Tabular Foundation Models such as TabPFN, context selection directly determines predictive performance. Supervised oracle experiments show that carefully chosen labeled context sets can strongly outperform random selection under the same labeling budget. However, the cold-start setting, where instances must be selected before any labels are available, has received little attention in the TFM literature. This problem is fundamentally geometric. In vision and language, foundation models induce embedding spaces where simple geometric selection methods are effective. In contrast, tabular instance selection has so far been performed predominantly in the original tabular space, which lacks a natural metric; heterogeneous types, mixed scales, and nonlinear interactions make raw-space distances unreliable for context construction, and original-space selection falls below random on the majority of datasets as the budget grows. We propose LUCoS (Latent Unsupervised Context Selection), which replaces raw-feature geometry with the latent geometry induced by embeddings from an unsupervised Prior-Fitted Network (PFN) and selects representative medoids as context. Evaluated on 67 OpenML-CC18 datasets across six low-label budgets, LUCoS ranks first under mean AUC, ACC, and F1, with conclusions stable across metrics and dataset-level robustness checks. A gain decomposition reveals a simple mechanism: at the smallest budgets, the main benefit comes from enforcing coverage; as the budget increases, the decisive factor becomes the representation space in which coverage is measured. LUCoS mitigates failures of original feature space selection, showing that reliable unsupervised context selection depends less on selector sophistication than on defining representativeness in a meaningful representation geometry.