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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
A Concept is More Than a Word: Diversified Unlearning in ...
Duc Hao Pham, Van Duy Truong, Duy Khanh Dinh, Tien Cuong Nguyen, · 2026-03-19 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Concept unlearning has emerged as a promising direction for reducing the risks of harmful content generation in text-to-image diffusion models by selectively erasing undesirable concepts from a model's parameters. Existing approaches typically rely on keywords to identify the target concept to be unlearned. However, we show that this keyword-based formulation is inherently limited: a visual concept is multi-dimensional, can be expressed in diverse textual forms, and often overlap with related concepts in the latent space, making keyword-only unlearning, which imprecisely indicate the target concept is brittle and prone to over-forgetting. This occurs because a single keyword represents only a narrow point estimate of the concept, failing to cover its full semantic distribution and entangled variations in the latent space. To address this limitation, we propose Diversified Unlearning, a distributional framework that represents a concept through a set of contextually diverse prompts rather than a single keyword. This richer representation enables more precise and robust unlearning. Through extensive experiments across multiple benchmarks and state-of-the-art baselines, we demonstrate that integrating Diversified Unlearning as an add-on component into existing unlearning pipelines consistently achieves stronger erasure, better retention of unrelated concepts, and improved robustness against adversarial recovery attacks.