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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
Stitched Value Model for Diffusion Alignment
Hyojun Go, Hyungjin Chung, Prune Truong, Goutam Bhat, Li Mi, Zha · 2026-05-19 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

For practical use, diffusion- or flow-based generative models must be aligned with task-specific rewards, such as prompt fidelity or aesthetic preference. That alignment is challenging because the reward is defined for clean output images, but the alignment procedure requires value function estimates at noisy intermediate latents. Existing methods resort to Tweedie-style or Monte Carlo approximations, trading off estimator bias against computational cost: Tweedie estimates are efficient but biased, while Monte Carlo estimates are more accurate but require expensive rollouts. A natural alternative would be a learned value function, but it remains an open question how to effectively train a strong and general value model specifically for noisy latents. Here, we propose StitchVM, a model stitching framework that efficiently transfers reward models pretrained for clean images to the noisy latent regime. StitchVM starts from an existing, truncated pixel-space reward model and attaches a frozen diffusion backbone to it as its head. From the pixel-space model, the resulting hybrid retains a carefully pretrained, robust reward capability; from the diffusion backbone, it inherits its native ability to handle noisy latents. The stitching procedure is exceptionally lightweight, e.g., stitching and finetuning CLIP ViT-L and SD 3.5 Medium takes only 10 GPU-hours. By lifting powerful pixel-space reward models to latent space, StitchVM opens up a new style of diffusion alignment: instead of rough, yet costly per-sample approximation of the value function, the correct function for the actual, noisy latents is constructed once and then amortized over many samples and iterations. We show that this approach yields improvements across a broad range of downstream steering and post-training methods: DPS becomes $3.2\times$ faster while halving peak GPU memory, and DiffusionNFT becomes $2.3\times$ faster.