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Playing Along: Learning a Double-Agent Defender for Belief Steering via Theory of Mind RPA-Check: A Multi-Stage Automated Framework for Evaluating Dynamic LLM-based Role-Playing Agents A Triadic Suffix Tokenization Scheme for Numerical Reasoning Hidden Measurement Error in LLM Pipelines Distorts Annotation, Evaluation, and Benchmarking Synthius-Mem: Brain-Inspired Hallucination-Resistant Persona Memory Achieving 94.4% Memory Accuracy and 99.6% Adversarial Robustness on LoCoMo Time is Not a Label: Continuous Phase Rotation for Temporal Knowledge Graphs and Agentic Memory NovBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Academic Paper Novelty Assessment Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Polyglot Teachers: Evaluating Language Models for Multilingual Synthetic Data Generation Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Evaluating Memory Capability in Continuous Lifelog Scenario How Robust Are Large Language Models for Clinical Numeracy? An Empirical Study on Numerical Reasoning Abilities in Clinical Contexts Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis OccuBench: Evaluating AI Agents on Real-World Professional Tasks via Language Environment Simulation Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series
Assessing the Pedagogical Readiness of Large Language Mod...
Pratyush Acharya, Prasansha Bharati, Yokibha Chapagain, Isha Sha · 2026-03-17 · via cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into educational ecosystems promises to democratize access to personalized tutoring, yet the readiness of these systems for deployment in non-Western, low-resource contexts remains critically under-examined. This study presents a systematic evaluation of four state-of-the-art LLMs--GPT-4o, Claude Sonnet 4, Qwen3-235B, and Kimi K2--assessing their capacity to function as AI tutors within the specific curricular and cultural framework of Nepal's Grade 5-10 Science and Mathematics education. We introduce a novel, curriculum-aligned benchmark and a fine-grained evaluation framework inspired by the "natural language unit tests" paradigm, decomposing pedagogical efficacy into seven binary metrics: Prompt Alignment, Factual Correctness, Clarity, Contextual Relevance, Engagement, Harmful Content Avoidance, and Solution Accuracy. Our results reveal a stark "curriculum-alignment gap." While frontier models (GPT-4o, Claude Sonnet 4) achieve high aggregate reliability (approximately 97%), significant deficiencies persist in pedagogical clarity and cultural contextualization. We identify two pervasive failure modes: the "Expert's Curse," where models solve complex problems but fail to explain them clearly to novices, and the "Foundational Fallacy," where performance paradoxically degrades on simpler, lower-grade material due to an inability to adapt to younger learners' cognitive constraints. Furthermore, regional models like Kimi K2 exhibit a "Contextual Blindspot," failing to provide culturally relevant examples in over 20% of interactions. These findings suggest that off-the-shelf LLMs are not yet ready for autonomous deployment in Nepalese classrooms. We propose a "human-in-the-loop" deployment strategy and offer a methodological blueprint for curriculum-specific fine-tuning to align global AI capabilities with local educational needs.