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SpatialEvo: Self-Evolving Spatial Intelligence via Deterministic Geometric Environments From $P(y|x)$ to $P(y)$: Investigating Reinforcement Learning in Pre-train Space UI-Zoomer: Uncertainty-Driven Adaptive Zoom-In for GUI Grounding $π$-Play: Multi-Agent Self-Play via Privileged Self-Distillation without External Data Parameter Importance is Not Static: Evolving Parameter Isolation for Supervised Fine-Tuning Reward Design for Physical Reasoning in Vision-Language Models Who Gets Flagged? 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A Spectral Analysis of Weight Updates Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment NSFL: A Post-Training Neuro-Symbolic Fuzzy Logic Framework for Boolean Operators in Neural Embeddings Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Calibration Collapse Under Sycophancy Fine-Tuning: How Reward Hacking Breaks Uncertainty Quantification in LLMs Knowing What to Stress: A Discourse-Conditioned Text-to-Speech Benchmark Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy AI Patents in the United States and China: Measurement, Organization, and Knowledge Flows ReFEree: Reference-Free and Fine-Grained Method for Evaluating Factual Consistency in Real-World Code Summarization Structure-Grounded Knowledge Retrieval via Code Dependencies for Multi-Step Data Reasoning Thinking Fast, Thinking Wrong: Intuitiveness Modulates LLM Counterfactual Reasoning in Policy Evaluation From Query to Counsel: Structured Reasoning with a Multi-Agent Framework and Dataset for Legal Consultation
TurnGuide: Enhancing Meaningful Full Duplex Spoken Interactions via Dynamic Turn-Level Text-Speech Interleaving
Wenqian Cui, Lei Zhu, Xiaohui Li, Zhihan Guo, Haoli Bai, Lu Hou, · 2025-08-10 · via cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

Full-Duplex Speech Language Models (FD-SLMs) are specialized foundation models designed to enable natural, real-time spoken interactions by modeling complex conversational turn-taking such as interruptions, backchannels, and overlapping speech. End-to-end (e2e) FD-SLMs leverage real-world double-channel conversational data to capture nuanced two-speaker dialogue patterns for human-like interactions, but their conversational abilities often degrade compared to pure-text conversation due to prolonged speech sequences and limited high-quality spoken dialogue data. Although interleaved text-speech generation could mitigate this degradation, integrating discrete text tokens into continuous double-channel audio streams could disrupt the precise time alignment required for fluid interaction. To address this, we propose TurnGuide, a novel text-speech interleaved generation approach for e2e FD-SLMs that dynamically segments assistant speech into dialogue turns and interleaves turn-level text and speech generation. This approach allows FD-SLMs to integrate the semantic intelligence of LLMs without compromising the natural acoustic flow. Extensive experiments show that TurnGuide not only significantly improves e2e FD-SLMs to produce semantically meaningful, coherent speech but also achieves state-of-the-art performance on various turn-taking events. Demos are available at https://dreamtheater123.github.io/TurnGuide-Demo/. Code will be available at https://github.com/dreamtheater123/TurnGuide.