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Playing Along: Learning a Double-Agent Defender for Belief Steering via Theory of Mind RPA-Check: A Multi-Stage Automated Framework for Evaluating Dynamic LLM-based Role-Playing Agents A Triadic Suffix Tokenization Scheme for Numerical Reasoning Hidden Measurement Error in LLM Pipelines Distorts Annotation, Evaluation, and Benchmarking Synthius-Mem: Brain-Inspired Hallucination-Resistant Persona Memory Achieving 94.4% Memory Accuracy and 99.6% Adversarial Robustness on LoCoMo Time is Not a Label: Continuous Phase Rotation for Temporal Knowledge Graphs and Agentic Memory NovBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Academic Paper Novelty Assessment Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Polyglot Teachers: Evaluating Language Models for Multilingual Synthetic Data Generation Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Evaluating Memory Capability in Continuous Lifelog Scenario How Robust Are Large Language Models for Clinical Numeracy? An Empirical Study on Numerical Reasoning Abilities in Clinical Contexts Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis OccuBench: Evaluating AI Agents on Real-World Professional Tasks via Language Environment Simulation Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series
OASIS: A Multilingual and Multimodal Dataset for Cultural...
Firoj Alam, Ali Ezzat Shahroor, Md. Arid Hasan, Zien Sheikh Ali, · 2025-10-08 · via cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

Large-scale multimodal models achieve strong results on tasks like Visual Question Answering (VQA), but they are often limited when queries require cultural and visual information, everyday knowledge, particularly in low-resource and underrepresented languages. We introduce OASIS, a large-scale culturally grounded multimodal QA dataset covering images, text, and speech. OASIS is built with EverydayMMQA, a scalable semi-automatic framework for creating localized spoken and visual QA resources, supported by multi-stage human-in-the-loop validation. OASIS contains approximately 0.92M real images and 14.8M QA pairs, including 3.7M spoken questions, with 383 hours of human-recorded speech, and 20K hours of voice-cloned speech, from 42 speakers. It supports four input settings: text-only, speech-only, text+image, and speech+image. The dataset focuses on English and Arabic varieties across 18 countries, covering Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) as well as dialectal Arabic. It is designed to evaluate models beyond object recognition, targeting pragmatic, commonsense, and culturally grounded reasoning in real-world scenarios. We benchmark four closed-source models, three open-source models, and one fine-tuned model on OASIS. The framework and dataset will be made publicly available to the community. https://huggingface.co/datasets/QCRI/OASIS