由一个主配置文件和一些辅助配置文件构成，位于conf目录下

配置指令 指令参数（配置指令对应的值）

token串分为简单字符串或复合配置块({})

简单配置项 复杂配置项

error_page 500 502 /50x.html;

location / {
root /home/html;
index index.html index.htm
}

根据逻辑意义分成了多个作用域，即配置指令上下文

nginx支持的指令上下文，即作用域

main

http

server

location

mail

指令上下文，可能有包含的情况出现。例如，通常http上下文和mail上下文一定是出现在main上下文里。

user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
error_log logs/error.log info;

events {
worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.linuxdc.com;
}
}

The basic configuration format

Nginx global configuration parameters

Using include files

The HTTP server section

The virtual server section

Locations - where, when and how

The mail server section

Full sample configuration

Loadbalance

upstream web_backend {
    server 10.11.12.51
    server 10.11.12.52
}

server {
    listen 80;
    
    location / {
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://web_backend;
    }
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Starting, Stopping, and Reloading Configuration

nginx -s stop --fast shutdown
nginx -s quit --graceful shutdown
nginx -s reload --reloading the config file
nginx -s reopen --reopening the log files

kill -s QUIT 1628
ps -ax | grep nginx

Serving Static Content

/data/www --index.html
/data/images --some images

http {
    server {
        location / {
            root /data/www;
        }

        location /images/ {
            root /data;
        }
    }
}    

http://localhost/images/example.png -- /data/images/example.png
http://localhost/some/example.html -- /data/www/some/example.html

nginx -s reload

Find out reason in access.log or error.log, in the directory of /usr/local/nginx/logs or /var/log/nginx

Setting Up a Simple Proxy Server

http {
    server {
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
        }
        
        location ~ \.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
            root /data/images;
        }
    }
}

Setting Up FastCGI Proxying

http {
    server {
        location / {
            fastcgi_pass  localhost:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING    $query_string;
        }

        location ~ \.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
            root /data/images;
        }
    }
}