目录
Spring4.1新特性——综述
Spring4.1新特性——Spring核心部分及其他
Spring4.1新特性——Spring缓存框架增强
Spring4.1新特性——异步调用和事件机制的异常处理
Spring4.1新特性——数据库集成测试脚本初始化
Spring4.1新特性——Spring MVC增强
Spring4.1新特性——页面自动化测试框架Spring MVC Test HtmlUnit简介
Spring4.1新特性——静态资源处理增强
Spring 4.1提供了对jcache的支持，并对cache抽象部分进行了一些简单的增强。在集成jcache时是非常费劲的，版本之间各种不兼容，不建议用于正式环境，在正式环境中可以使用如Guava Cache或Ehcache。
jcache依赖：
Java代码 
- <dependency>
- <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
- <artifactId>ehcache-jcache</artifactId>
- <version>${ehcache-jcache.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>javax.cache</groupId>
- <artifactId>cache-api</artifactId>
- <version>${javax.cache.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.jsr107.ri</groupId>
- <artifactId>cache-ri-impl</artifactId>
- <version>${cache-ri-impl.version}</version>
- </dependency>
<javax.cache.version>1.0.0</javax.cache.version>、<cache-ri-impl.version>1.0.0</cache-ri-impl.version>、<ehcache-jcache.version>1.2</ehcache-jcache.version>，具体请参考源码。
1、Jcache集成
创建Cache：
Java代码
- javax.cache.CacheManager cacheManager = Caching.getCachingProvider().getCacheManager();
- MutableConfiguration<Object, Object> mutableConfiguration = new MutableConfiguration<Object, Object>();
- mutableConfiguration.setStoreByValue(false);
- cacheManager.createCache("user", mutableConfiguration);
- cacheManager.createCache("user2", mutableConfiguration);
- cacheManager.createCache("user3", mutableConfiguration);
-
- JCacheCacheManager jCacheCacheManager = new JCacheCacheManager(cacheManager);
- return jCacheCacheManager;
Java Config方式提供了CachingConfigurer用于提供配置回调：
Java代码
- @Configuration
- @ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.sishuok.spring.service")
- @EnableCaching(proxyTargetClass = true)
- public class AppConfig implements CachingConfigurer {
- @Bean
- @Override
- public CacheManager cacheManager() {
- javax.cache.CacheManager cacheManager = Caching.getCachingProvider().getCacheManager();
- MutableConfiguration<Object, Object> mutableConfiguration = new MutableConfiguration<Object, Object>();
- mutableConfiguration.setStoreByValue(false);
- cacheManager.createCache("user", mutableConfiguration);
- cacheManager.createCache("user2", mutableConfiguration);
- cacheManager.createCache("user3", mutableConfiguration);
-
- JCacheCacheManager jCacheCacheManager = new JCacheCacheManager(cacheManager);
- return jCacheCacheManager;
- }
-
- @Bean
- @Override
- public CacheResolver cacheResolver() {
- return new MyCacheResolver();
- }
-
- @Bean
- @Override
- public KeyGenerator keyGenerator() {
- return new SimpleKeyGenerator();
- }
-
- @Override
- public CacheErrorHandler errorHandler() {
- return new CacheErrorHandler() {
- @Override
- public void handleCacheGetError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache, Object key) {
- System.out.println("cache get error");
- }
-
- @Override
- public void handleCachePutError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache, Object key, Object value) {
- System.out.println("cache put error");
- }
-
- @Override
- public void handleCacheEvictError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache, Object key) {
- System.out.println("cache evict error");
- }
-
- @Override
- public void handleCacheClearError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache) {
- System.out.println("cache clear error");
- }
- };
- }
- }
2、@CacheConfig指定全局Cache配置
Spring 4.1之前需要每个方法上都指定：
Java代码
- @Service
- public class UserService {
-
- Set<User> users = new HashSet<User>();
-
- @CachePut(value = "user", key = "#user.id")
- public User save(User user) {
- users.add(user);
- return user;
- }
-
- @CachePut(value = "user", key = "#user.id")
- public User update(User user) {
- users.remove(user);
- users.add(user);
- return user;
- }
-
- @CacheEvict(value = "user", key = "#user.id")
- public User delete(User user) {
- users.remove(user);
- return user;
- }
-
- @CacheEvict(value = "user", allEntries = true)
- public void deleteAll() {
- users.clear();
- }
-
- @Cacheable(value = "user", key = "#id")
- public User findById(final Long id) {
- System.out.println("cache miss, invoke find by id, id:" + id);
- for (User user : users) {
- if (user.getId().equals(id)) {
- return user;
- }
- }
- return null;
- }
-
- }
Spring 4.1时可以直接在类级别使用@CacheConfig指定：
Java代码
- @Service
- @CacheConfig(cacheNames = {"user", "user2"})
- public class UserService {
-
- Set<User> users = new HashSet<User>();
-
- @CachePut(key = "#user.id")
- public User save(User user) {
- users.add(user);
- return user;
- }
-
- @CachePut(key = "#user.id")
- public User update(User user) {
- users.remove(user);
- users.add(user);
- return user;
- }
-
- @CacheEvict(key = "#user.id")
- public User delete(User user) {
- users.remove(user);
- return user;
- }
-
- @CacheEvict(allEntries = true)
- public void deleteAll() {
- users.clear();
- }
-
- @Cacheable(key = "#id")
- public User findById(final Long id) {
- System.out.println("cache miss, invoke find by id, id:" + id);
- for (User user : users) {
- if (user.getId().equals(id)) {
- return user;
- }
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
3、CacheResolver
其名字已经暗示了其是Cache解析器，用于根据实际情况来动态解析使用哪个Cache，如：
Java代码
- public class MyCacheResolver implements CacheResolver {
-
- @Autowired
- private CacheManager cacheManager;
-
- @Override
- public Collection<? extends Cache> resolveCaches(CacheOperationInvocationContext<?> context) {
- List<Cache> caches = new ArrayList<Cache>();
- for(String cacheName : context.getOperation().getCacheNames()) {
- caches.add(cacheManager.getCache(cacheName));
- }
- if(context.getTarget() instanceof UserService2) {
- caches.add(cacheManager.getCache("user2"));
- caches.add(cacheManager.getCache("user3"));
- }
- return caches;
- }
- }
context中存放了当前cache的操作类型、目标对象、目标方法、参数信息，这样我们可以根据这些信息来决定使用那些cache； context.getOperation().getCacheNames()得到当前目标对象/目标方法上配置的cache Name；然后我们可以在此基础上添加额外的cache。
此处需要注意的是即使配置了CacheResolver，也必须在@CacheConfig或方法上的如@CachePut上指定至少一个Cache Name。
4、CacheErrorHandler
用于捕获从Cache中进行CRUD时的异常的回调处理器。
相关资料
Spring Cache抽象详解
Spring4新特性
Spring4新特性——泛型限定式依赖注入
Spring4新特性——核心容器的其他改进
Spring4新特性——Web开发的增强
Spring4新特性——集成Bean Validation 1.1(JSR-349)到SpringMVC
Spring4新特性——Groovy Bean定义DSL
Spring4新特性——更好的Java泛型操作API
Spring4新特性——JSR310日期API的支持
Spring4新特性——注解、脚本、任务、MVC等其他特性改进
源码下载
https://github.com/zhangkaitao/spring4-1-showcase/tree/master/spring4.1-cache
