Features	SharePoint Foundation 2013	SharePoint Server 2013 Standard	SharePoint Server 2013 Enterprise
User Authentication and Authorization User authentication in SharePoint 2013 is the process that verifies the identity of a user who requests access to a SharePoint web application. User authorization in SharePoint 2013 is the process that determines the users who can perform defined operations on a specified resource within a SharePoint web application. SharePoint 2013 supports user authentication based on the following methods: Windows claims Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML)-based claims Forms-based authentication claims . These claims-based authentication methods are now the recommended authentication methods for SharePoint 2013.
Mobile Device Connectivity SharePoint Server 2013 offers new, optimized viewing experiences across different mobile platforms. Additionally, several new features available include optimized mobile browser experience for Smartphone mobile devices, rendering of a single published SharePoint site in multiple designs to accommodate different device targets, push notifications, support for a new geolocation field type that can be used for mobile application development, view business intelligence content such as PerformancePoint Web Parts, Excel Services reports, and SQL Reporting Services reports, and view Office Web Apps.
Health Analyzer
Windows PowerShell for SharePoint 2013 Windows PowerShell cmdlets that you use in SharePoint 2013 help you complete simple and complex administrative tasks. Command-line Help is available in the SharePoint 2013 Management Shell. For information about Windows PowerShell in general, visit the Windows PowerShell Technology Center.
Business Connectivity Services With Business Connectivity Services (BCS), you can use SharePoint 2013 and Office 2013 clients as an interface into data that doesn't live in SharePoint 2013 itself. BCS can access external data sources through Open Data (OData), Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) endpoints, web services, cloud-based services, and .NET assemblies, or through custom connectors.
eDiscovery The eDiscovery functionality in SharePoint Server 2013 provides improved ways to help you protect your business.
Records Management and Compliance The records management and compliance features in SharePoint Server 2013 provide improved ways to help you protect your business. The records archive and in-place record retention from earlier versions of SharePoint Server are still supported. SharePoint Server 2013 adds retention policies that are applied at the level of a site.
Business Intelligence Business intelligence (BI) in SharePoint 2013 provides comprehensive BI tools that integrate across Microsoft Office applications and other Microsoft technologies. These BI tools are: Excel 2013, Excel Services in SharePoint 2013, PerformancePoint Services in SharePoint Server 2013, Visio Services in SharePoint, SharePoint 2013, and Microsoft SQL Server.
Social Computing The social computing features in SharePoint Server 2013 offer an improved administration and user experience, in addition to new functionality for enterprise users to share and collaborate with others in their organization. The introduction of Community Sites offers a forum experience to categorize discussions around subject areas, and connect users who have knowledge or seek knowledge about subject areas. Improvements to My Sites offer a more intuitive workflow for users to develop their personal profiles, store content, and keep up-to-date with activities of interest.
Web Content Management SharePoint Server 2013 includes new and improved features for web content management that simplify how you design publishing sites and enhance the authoring and publishing processes of your organization. SharePoint Server 2013 also has new features that use the power of search to surface dynamic web content on publishing sites.
Workflow SharePoint Server 2013 brings a major advancement to workflow: enterprise features such as fully declarative authoring, REST and Service Bus messaging, elastic scalability, and managed service reliability. SharePoint Server 2013 can use a new workflow service built on the Windows Workflow Foundation components of the .NET Framework 4.5. This new service is called Workflow Manager and it is designed to play a central role in the enterprise. Processes are central to any organization and workflow is the orchestrator of processes.
Search Search helps users quickly return to important sites and documents by remembering what they have previously searched and clicked. The results of previously searched and clicked items are displayed as query suggestions at the top of the results page.
Access Services It allows creation of new Access service applications using the Access 2013 Preview client. You can view, edit, and interact with Access Services database in a browser.
Access Services 2010 Access Services 2010 allows continued maintenance of SharePoint 2010 Access Service applications by using Access 2010 clients and Access 2013 Preview clients. It doesn't allow user to create new applications.
App Management Service This feature allows you to install apps from the Internal Catalog or the Public SharePoint Store.
Excel Services Excel Services allows you to view and interact with Excel files in a browser.
Machine Translation Service This feature performs automated machine translation.
Managed Metadata Service Access managed taxonomy hierarchies, keywords, and social tagging infrastructure as well as Content Type publishing across site collections.
PerformancePoint Access the information you need when you need it with interactive dashboards and scorecards. Easily analyze root causes and make effective decisions by using new features like the Decomposition Tree, visualizations, and improved filtering.
PowerPoint Conversion Allows you to convert PowerPoint presentations into various formats.
Secure Store Service Provides single sign-on authentication to access multiple applications or services
State Service Provides temporary storage of user session data for SharePoint Server components.
Usage and Health Data Collection Collects farm wide usage and health data and provides the ability to view various usage and health reports
User Profile Adds support for My Sites, Profiles pages, Social Tagging, and other social computing features.
Visio Graphics Service Allows you to view and publish Microsoft Visio diagrams in a Web browser.
Word Automation Services Performs automated bulk document conversions.
Work Management Provides task aggregation across work management systems, including Microsoft SharePoint products, Microsoft Exchange Server, and Microsoft Project Server.
Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Subscription Settings Service Tracks subscription IDs and settings for services that are deployed in partitioned mode. Windows Powershell only.

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SharePoint 2013 - Comparison of Features