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看代码：

需要Reference下面的DLL：
  System.Drawing
  System.Windows.Forms
  WindowBase

   1: using System;

   2: using System.Collections.Generic;

   3: using System.Text;

   4: using System.Windows;

   5: using System.Windows.Forms;

   6: using System.Drawing;

   7: using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

   8:  

   9: namespace ConsoleApplication1

  10: {

  11:     class Program

  12:     {

  13:         [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("gdi32.dll")]

  14:         public static extern IntPtr CreateDC(string driver, string device, IntPtr res1, IntPtr res2);

  15:  

  16:         public enum TernaryRasterOperations

  17:         {

  18:             SRCCOPY = 0x00CC0020, /* dest = source*/

  19:             SRCPAINT = 0x00EE0086, /* dest = source OR dest*/

  20:             SRCAND = 0x008800C6, /* dest = source AND dest*/

  21:             SRCINVERT = 0x00660046, /* dest = source XOR dest*/

  22:             SRCERASE = 0x00440328, /* dest = source AND (NOT dest )*/

  23:             NOTSRCCOPY = 0x00330008, /* dest = (NOT source)*/

  24:             NOTSRCERASE = 0x001100A6, /* dest = (NOT src) AND (NOT dest) */

  25:             MERGECOPY = 0x00C000CA, /* dest = (source AND pattern)*/

  26:             MERGEPAINT = 0x00BB0226, /* dest = (NOT source) OR dest*/

  27:             PATCOPY = 0x00F00021, /* dest = pattern*/

  28:             PATPAINT = 0x00FB0A09, /* dest = DPSnoo*/

  29:             PATINVERT = 0x005A0049, /* dest = pattern XOR dest*/

  30:             DSTINVERT = 0x00550009, /* dest = (NOT dest)*/

  31:             BLACKNESS = 0x00000042, /* dest = BLACK*/

  32:             WHITENESS = 0x00FF0062, /* dest = WHITE*/

  33:         };

  34:  

  35:         [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]

  36:         public static extern bool BitBlt(IntPtr hObject, int nXDest, int nYDest, int nWidth,

  37:             int nHeight, IntPtr hObjSource, int nXSrc, int nYSrc, TernaryRasterOperations dwRop);

  38:  

  39:         public static void CaptureDesktop(string sPath)

  40:         {

  41:             Rect rect = new Rect();

  42:             rect.Width = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Width;

  43:             rect.Height = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Height;

  44:  

  45:             IntPtr dcTmp = CreateDC("DISPLAY", "DISPLAY", (IntPtr)null, (IntPtr)null);

  46:             Graphics gScreen = Graphics.FromHdc(dcTmp);

  47:             Bitmap image = new Bitmap((int)(rect.Width), (int)(rect.Height), System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

  48:             Graphics gImage = Graphics.FromImage(image);

  49:             IntPtr dcImage = gImage.GetHdc();

  50:             IntPtr dcScreen = gScreen.GetHdc();

  51:             BitBlt(dcImage, 0, 0, (int)(rect.Width), (int)(rect.Height), dcScreen, (int)(rect.Left), (int)(rect.Top), TernaryRasterOperations.SRCCOPY);

  52:             gScreen.ReleaseHdc(dcScreen);

  53:             gImage.ReleaseHdc(dcImage);

  54:  

  55:             image.Save(sPath);

  56:         }

  57:  

  58:         static void Main(string[] args)

  59:         {

  60:             CaptureDesktop("c:\\1.bmp");

  61:         }

  62:     }

  63: }