Paper 2026/818

LCMS: Efficient Lattice-based Conditional Privacy-preserving Multi-receiver Signcryption Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

Yanqing Yao, Beihang University

Huaxiong Wang, Nanyang Technological University

Yining Liu, Wenzhou University of Technology

Abstract

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) requires robust security and privacy protection mechanisms to enable trusted traffic information exchange, while also requiring low communication and low computing overhead to meet the real-time requirements of IoV. Existing signcryption schemes suffer from quantum vulnerability, inadequate unlinkability/vehicle anonymity, absence of revocability, poor scalability, inadequate management of malicious entities, and high communication and computational overhead. So we propose an efficient lattice-based conditional privacy-preserving multi-receiver signcryption scheme (LCMS) that systematically addresses these gaps through three core innovations: 1) Privacy preservation is achieved via a pseudonym mechanism integrated with certificateless key generation, which ensures vehicle anonymity and weak unlinkability while preventing malicious key generation centers and key escrow; 2) Malicious entity management through dynamic revocability and distributed decryption among roadside units, preventing unilateral message access; and 3) Post-quantum efficiency is achieved by leveraging the Learning With Rounding (LWR) problem to eliminate expensive Gaussian sampling, combined with ciphertext packing techniques. This reduces time overhead, the size of signcryptexts, and communication overhead, while lowering the overall storage overhead of the scheme through the MP12 trapdoor. Security proofs show LCMS achieves Existential Unforgeability under Adaptive Identity Chosen-Message Attack and Indistinguishability under Adaptive Identity Chosen-Ciphertext Attack in the Random Oracle Model, with rigorously validated resistance against multiple IoV-specific attacks. Experimental results via SageMath implementation demonstrate that our scheme exhibits a smaller signcryptext size and lower signcryption/unsigncryption time compared to existing random lattice-based signcryption schemes. Scalability tests with 300 vehicles and 300 roadside units (RSUs) were completed within 230 seconds. Communication overhead analysis confirms practical feasibility for IEEE 802.11p vehicle communication protocol, and RSU serving capability evaluation under realistic vehicle density (100–200/k\mathbf{m}^\mathbf{2}) and speed (40–60 km/h) further validates system practicality. LCMS provides a quantum-resistant, privacy-preserving, and efficient solution for production IoV.