Topline

President Donald Trump credits himself with resolving nine conflicts—after saying repeatedly he’s solved the eight “wars” listed below—and while he has clearly tried to improve relations in most of these situations, there’s no evidence he’s been able to bring a lasting peace to any of them.

Armenia and Azerbaijan: The agreement Trump brokered last year was widely considered a historic breakthrough in the 40-year conflict, but no military action was underway at the time from either side. The treaty, signed in the Oval Office, establishes diplomatic relations between the two countries and mandates the construction of the Trump Route for International Peace and Prosperity connecting Azerbaijan to its Nakhchivan exclave, which is separated from the rest of the country by Armenia.

Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda: The two countries signed an agreement in December at the White House to force Rwandan troops to withdraw from eastern Congo within 90 days and establish a regional economic framework. Still, fighting continues between the two sides—though there are small signs of progress, including Congo’s army beginning to take steps last month to disarm a militant group linked to Rwanda’s 1994 genocide.

Israel and Iran: Ending the so-called 12-day war in June 2025, Trump announced a ceasefire shortly after the U.S. bombed Iran’s nuclear facilities, which Trump claimed at the time helped avoid a larger conflict. But the credit Trump wanted to take at the time “has sort of been superseded by the fact he himself contributed to the outbreak of a resumption of violence on a much larger scale, involving the same parties,” Brookings Institution senior fellow Michael O’Hanlon told Forbes.

Israel and Hamas: Widely viewed as a significant foreign policy achievement for Trump, the ceasefire agreement remains fragile six months after it took effect, with major disagreements on both sides about a path to a permanent end to the conflict.

Kosovo and Serbia: Trump claimed in June last year that he thwarted a potential renewed military conflict between the two countries by threatening to freeze trade relations with the U.S., though the underlying territorial dispute remains as Serbia has not recognized Kosovo’s independence.

India and Pakistan: India rejects Trump’s claims he helped broker a ceasefire last year that ended four days of military violence that killed more than 100 people, the worst fighting between the two nuclear-armed countries in decades. Pakistan, however, has repeatedly thanked Trump for his role in the agreement as it’s cozied up to the U.S. and secured a more prominent role on the international stage.

Cambodia and Thailand: Trump threatened tariffs against the two countries if they didn’t agree to a ceasefire in their violent border dispute last year, and an agreement was reached in July and officially signed in October in Malaysia, with Trump in attendance. But fighting resumed later in 2025 and a second ceasefire commenced in December, after Trump again threatened tariffs.

Egypt and Ethiopia: These countries have disagreed for decades over Nile River water supply, but it’s never risen to the level of military conflict and a solution hasn’t been reached, despite Trump’s repeated offers to mediate.