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MSDN 上也有个关于 Socket 通信的简单例子。我这是从那上面搬过来的。不过改来改去就变得跟原来的差得不少了。我觉得比 MSDN 上的例子会更好一点。因为可以自己定义要传送的数据类型，只要要传送的数据是可以序列化的。

我把程序分成两大块：PostOffice，Package。PostOffice 实现收发功能，相当于邮局。Package 包含了这个包的类型和包里面要传送的数据。

Package 类的定义：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

namespace TalkDemo.Core
{
    [Serializable]
    public class Package
    {
        private PackageType packageType;

        public PackageType PackageType
        {
            get { return packageType; }
        }

        private IPEndPoint sourceEP;

        public IPEndPoint SourceEP
        {
            get { return sourceEP; }
        }

        private IPEndPoint destEP;

        public IPEndPoint DestEP
        {
            get { return destEP; }
        }

        private object[] data;

        public object[] Data
        {
            get { return data; }
        }

        public Package(PackageType packageType, IPEndPoint sourceEP, IPEndPoint destEP,
            params object[] data)
        {
            this.packageType = packageType;
            this.sourceEP = sourceEP;
            this.destEP = destEP;
            this.data = data;
        }

        public static void Serialize(Stream stream, Package package)
        {
            if (package == null) return;
            if (stream == null) return;

            BinaryFormatter binFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            binFormatter.Serialize(stream, package);
        }

        public static Package Deserialize(Stream stream)
        {
            if (stream == null) return null;

            BinaryFormatter binFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            Package package;
            try
            {
                package = binFormatter.Deserialize(stream) as Package;
            }
            catch
            {
                return null;
            }

            return package;
        }
    }
}

PackageType 枚举的定义：

namespace TalkDemo.Core
{
    public enum PackageType
    {
        Data,
        ExitSignal,
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace TalkDemo.Core
{
    public class PackageReceivedEventArgs
        : EventArgs
    {
        private Package package;

        public Package Package
        {
            get { return package; }
        }

        public PackageReceivedEventArgs(Package package)
        {
            this.package = package;
        }
    }
}

namespace TalkDemo.Core
{
    public delegate void PackageReceivedEventhandler(object sender, PackageReceivedEventArgs e);
}

PostOffice 的定义：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;

namespace TalkDemo.Core
{
    public sealed class PostOffice
    {
        Fields

        Properties

        Methods

        Enumerations

        Events

        private class AcceptCallArgs
        {
            private Socket socket;

            public Socket Socket
            {
                get { return socket; }
            }

            private ListenAs role;

            public ListenAs Role
            {
                get { return role; }
            }

            public AcceptCallArgs(Socket socket, ListenAs role)
            {
                this.socket = socket;
                this.role = role;
            }
        }
    }
}

可以看出来，这里发送是同步的，但接收是异步的。这个程序也算是个怪胎了！@#@#￥#，不过全当练习了。

有了这个通信的核心，就可以做个简单的双向通信程序了。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using TalkDemo.Core;
using System.Net;

namespace TalkTest.Ui
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            PostOffice postOffice = PostOffice.Instance;
            try
            {
                Console.Write("Target ip: ");
                string targetIp = Console.ReadLine();

                IPHostEntry targetEntry = Dns.GetHostEntry(targetIp);
                IPEndPoint targetEP = new IPEndPoint(targetEntry.AddressList[0], PostOffice.ClientPort);

                postOffice.PackageReceived += new PackageReceivedEventhandler(postOffice_PackageReceived);
                postOffice.BeginListen(PostOffice.ListenAs.Client);

                Console.Write("Talk Demo> ");
                string input = Console.ReadLine();
                while (!input.ToLower().Equals("exit"))
                {
                    Package p = new Package(PackageType.Data, postOffice.LocalClientEP, targetEP, input);

                    try
                    {
                        postOffice.Send(p);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                    }

                    Console.Write("Talk Demo> ");
                    input = Console.ReadLine();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                postOffice.EndListen(PostOffice.ListenAs.Client);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue");
            Console.ReadKey(true);
        }

        static void postOffice_PackageReceived(object sender, PackageReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Package.PackageType == PackageType.Data)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\r\nFrom [" + e.Package.SourceEP.Address.ToString() + "]> " + e.Package.Data[0].ToString());
                Console.Write("Talk Demo> ");
            }
        }
    }
}